中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

我国是灾害多发的国家,重大灾害事件不仅导致人民巨大的生命伤亡和经济财产的损失,而且也给亲历灾害的幸存者带来了严重的个体、家庭和集体的心理创伤。本文重点回顾了5.12汶川大地震、4.14玉树地震和8.8舟曲特大泥石流三大自然灾害后,我国开展心理援助工作的历程,分析了开展灾后心理援助工作的意义,系统地总结了我国近年来在重大自然灾害后心理援助的主要经验与贡献,同时,对我国灾后心理援助中面临的问题进行了讨论,并提出相应的解决措施和方法。

China is a disaster-prone country.Severe natural hazards not only bring tremendous damage and loss to the wellbeing and property of the nation and its people,but also bring enormous psychological trauma to the survivors who were exposed to disaster,at individual,family and community levels.The present article reviewed psychological interventions after resent three major disasters（5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake,4·14 Yushu Earthquake,8·8 Zhouqu Mudslide）,and analyzed the significance and importance of intervention implement.The article systematically summarized the experiences and achievements in post disaster psychological intervention in the past few years,and discussed main challenges to the current practices and proposed alternatives and solutions correspondingly.