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新兵应激及其应对与执行功能的关系
其他题名II The Association between Stress with Its Coping and Executive Function in Military Recruits
杨璨
2015-05
摘要生活中,人们时常经历各种各样的生活事件,这种来自环境的应激源可以引发人体的应激反应;应激反应产生的激素通过血脑屏障进入前额叶等脑区,将影响执行功能。定位于前额叶的执行功能主要包含任务转换能力、工作记忆能力和反应抑制能力等子成分。这种功能被部队日益重视,认为其是新时期战士素质的重要指标之一。在环境刺激日益多样、作训要求日益复杂的当下,开展军人尤其是新兵战士中应激对前额叶执行功能影响的研究具有重要的现实意义。目前,针对我国新入伍参训的新兵这个典型高应激群体,有关其执行功能的研究讨论非常欠缺。
本研究选择采用新兵入伍并参加集训这一应激源作为起点,采用三种经典的行为实验范式,首先考察应激水平与执行功能三个子成分,任务转换、工作记忆与反应抑制的关系;并在集训时期多次测量战士应对方式、认知情绪调节策略、领悟社会支持程度和心理健康水平等指标,以检验这种关系的作用路径;本研究还考察了执行功能是否可以作为新兵战士中应激对心理健康影响的中介变量。
本研究发现,新兵战士的应激与前额叶执行功能中的反应抑制能力和任务转换能力存在负相关,新兵应激越强,其任务转换能力和反应抑制能力越差;积极的应对方式与情绪调节策略的欠缺、较低的领悟社会支持水平是这种负相关的中介因素;反应抑制能力与新兵的心理健康水平正相关。反应抑制能力越好,心理问题的各个症状倾向越低,但同时反应抑制能力并不能作为新兵应激与心理健康关系中的中介变量。
综上,本研究采用量表与行为实验结合的办法,系统考察了新兵的应激、前额叶执行功能以及其心理健康之间的关系,并发现了新兵应激与执行功能存在着由三种变量中介的负相关关系,同时执行功能与心理健康问题负相关但却不能作为应激与心理健康关系的中间环节。这样的发现提示了执行功能对应激状态下新兵战士的意义,为更好地认识新兵战士的心理状况,为未来的新兵评测等工作提供新的参考,同时也是现有的应激与执行功能关系研究中有益的补充。
其他摘要In the daily life, people constantly experience a variety of life events, such stressors from the environment can trigger the body's stress response, mainly for the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal system (HPA axis) activation and secretion of glucocorticoids like cortisol, which then pass through the blood brain barrier into the prefrontal brain regions, thereby affecting executive functions. Executive function which locates in the prefrontal cortex consist of subcomponents such as task switch, working memory and response inhibition. In the moment when environmental stimuli increasingly diverse, job requirements increasingly turning complex, important practical significance lies upon it to carry out stress to study the impact of the prefrontal executive function. In particular, there is few studies being published on our new recruits’ executive function as a high-stress group.
In this study, we use the life events of enlisting and training of the recruits as the stressor and a starting point, choosing classic paradigms of behavioral experiments. Firstly we examined the relation between stress response and its coping factors and executive function; then multiple measurements had been taken during training procedure on their coping strategies, emotion regulation strategies, perceived social support and mental health as indicators to examine the initial coping effort on stress, we also hope to find a connection between execution functions and meantime mental health and furthermore it can be held as a proof that executive function play a mediating role between recruits’ stress and their executive function. Finally we try to establish a reliable variable relational model following the path of stressor to stress response to coping effort to executive functions to present and future mental health, and thus provide helpful references for the evaluation of new recruits in our country.
In this study, we find that stress may be the cause of many soldiers ‘impaired response inhibition ability and lack of positive coping strategies and emotion regulation strategies and inefficient perception of social support each serves as a mediator of this negative effect; Meanwhile, response inhibition ability correlated positively with the mental health condition, but not as a mediator between recruits’ stress and their mental health condition.
In summary, this study uses a combination of various approaches including scales and behavioral experiments, to examine the relationship between the recruits’ stress, their prefrontal executive function and mental health condition systematically. The study discovered the relationship between recruits’ stress and executive function with the existence of the effect of three intermediary variables, while executive function positively correlated with mental health condition but not as an intermediate link between recruits’ stress and mental health condition. Such findings suggest that the significance of the recruit soldiers’ executive functions under stress. In order to better understand the psychological situation of newly recruited soldiers, it provided useful reference for future evaluation of new recruits, and at the same time, strengthened the view of the existing relationship between stress and executive function.
学科领域应用心理学
关键词新兵应激 前额叶执行功能 中介效应 心理健康
学位类型硕士
语种中文
学位专业心理学
学位授予单位中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点北京
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/19743
专题健康与遗传心理学研究室
作者单位中国科学院心理研究所
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
杨璨. 新兵应激及其应对与执行功能的关系[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2015.
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