中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

目的：考察正念训练改善负性情绪的效果以及正念水平提升对干预效果的中介作用。方法：采用随机对照实验设计。通过讲座的方式招募存在压力、负性情绪并愿意通过正念训练来缓解的个体参与研究，共招募90人，将其随机分为正念训练组与等待对照组。其中79人完成研究（正念训练组38人，等待对照组41人）。正念训练组参加8周正念训练，在此期间等待对照组不进行干预。采用五因素正念度量表（FFMQ）测量正念水平，简明心境量表（POMS）测量情绪。结果：8周训练后，正念训练组FFMQ总分高于基线[（125.9±11.9）vs.（121.2±12.5），P＜0.01]，POMS负性情绪总分及紧张焦虑、抑郁沮丧、疲劳维度得分均低于基线（均P＜0.01）；而对照组各项得分与基线差异均无统计学意义（均 P＞0.05）。FFMQ总分的增加对干预所造成的POMS中负性情绪总分（95％CI＝－6.24～－0.74）及紧张－焦虑（95％CI＝－1.65～－0.12）、抑郁－沮丧（95％CI＝－1.63～－0.14）、疲劳（95％CI＝－1.72～－0.20）的减少存在中介作用。结论：正念训练可以有效改善参与者的负性情绪，正念水平的提升是干预造成情绪缓解的重要因素。

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training improving negative emotions, furthering to explore the mediating effect of the improvement of mindfulness levels for the training effects.Methods:Randomized control trail was used in this research.Ninety participants who suffered negative e-motions and resolved to alleviate stress by mindfulness training were recruited by lecture.They were randomized in-to mindfulness training group or waitlist control group,and 79 of them completed the intervention (38 in mindful-ness training group and 41 in waitlist control group).Participants in mindfulness training group received an 8-week mindfulness training,while participants in waitlist control group received no intervention.Participants were assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ,measuring mindfulness level)and Brief Profile of Mood State (POMS,measuring emotion)before and after intervention.Results:After 8-week intervention,participants in mindfulness training group got significantly higher total scores of FFMQ compared with baseline [(125.9 ±11.9) vs.(121.2 ±12.5),P<0.01].Participants in mindfulness training group also got significantly higher total scores of POMS,and the intensity-anxiety,depression-frustration,and fatigue scores of POMS compared with baseline (Ps<0.01).There were no significant differences between posttest and baseline on any scores in waitlist control group (Ps>0.05 ).The improvement of total scores of FFMQ mediated the reduction of total scores of POMS (95%CI=-6.24--0.73),and the intensity-anxiety (95%CI=-1.65 ~-0.12),depression-frustration (95%CI=-1.63--0.14),and fatigue scores (95%CI=-1.72--0.20)of POMS caused by mindfulness training.Conclusion:Mindfulness training could improve participants'negative emotions,and the enhanced mindfulness levels caused by mindfulness training will play a very important role for the improvement of negative emotions.