| 其他摘要 | Mass incidents, as representation of social conflicts, refer to the conflicts between certain public and local administrations. They are typical collective action (CA) in China. A group member engages in CA any time that he or she acts as a representative of the group and where the action is directed at improving the conditions of the group as a whole. Relative deprivation (RD), as a predictor and structural factor of CA, is divided into individual relative deprivation (IRD) and group relative deprivation (GRD). The relation between GRD and CA is stronger than that between IRD and CA. This study applies the social psychology approaches to the public administration and focuses on the topic of mass incidents by using field survey, scenario and experiment. It investigates the moderating roles of group identity (GI) and incident context in the relationship between GRD and CA, and also explores the effects of group-based anger (GA) and group efficacy (GE) on CA. The results indicated that: First, Individuals in the RD conditionwere more likely to engage in CA thanthose in the relative gratification condition. Moreover, comparing to the Individuals with low level of GRD, those who have high level of GRD were more likely to engage in CA. Second, GI moderated the relation between GRD and CA (or CA intention, CAI). Specifically, when general GI (GGI) was salient, individuals with high GRD were more likely to participate in CA because GI moderated the relation between GE and CAI at different levels of GRD. That is, in the high GRD condition, when GGI was salient, the participants’ CAI increased as their GE increased; while in the low GRD condition, GI did not have the moderating effect. Whereas when special GI (SGI) was salient, the participants were very likely to engage in CA/CAI despite the GRD levels. In this process, GA partly mediated the moderating effect of GI on GRD-CAI relationship. . Third, incident context moderated the relation between GRD and CAI at different GI levels. Specifically, in the non-instrumental incident context, when GGI was salient, the participants’ CAI could be better predicted by GRD; whereas in the instrumental incident context, the participants with high level of GRD were more likely to engage in CA than those with low level of GRD, though there were no significant differences between them. In addition, the effect of GA on CAI was significantly stronger than GE in the non-instrumental incident context. However, there were no significant differences between the effects of GA and GE on CAI in the instrumental incident context. A key theoretical implication of this study was that it expanded the two-path way model of CA to different incident context at different levels of GRD. Meanwhile, incident context were successfully manipulated in the lab in this study, which provided reference on experimental paradigm.. The practical implication of this study was that the social psychology mechanism of CA and the motivations of Chinese Mass Incidents were combined; therefore, it provided empirical support for public management. It was also useful in monitoring and solving Mass Incidents |
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