社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

本研究使用多级抽样法，对60个城市的43872个居民进行了调查，并以中国城市土地资源市辖区内的人口密度以及中国城市居民个人收入为自变量，以身心健康状况以及其包含的情绪问题(包括积极情绪和消极情绪)、认知问题、行为问题以及自我问题、社会适应以及躯体症状这六个维度各分指标为因变量，分别利用相关分析与多层线形模型对中国城市居民个人收入以及城市人口密度与城市居民的身心健康的关系进行了分析研究。 本研究结果显示，中国城市居民个人收入可以显著地负向预测居民个体的身心健康状况，即居民个人收入可以显著负向预测居民的躯体症状、消极情绪、认知问题、自我问题、以及社会适应问题，同时居民个体收入也可以显著正向预测居民的积极情绪、行为问题， 从结果中我们还可以看到中国不同城市居民的身心健康、躯体症状、消极情绪、认知问题、行为问题、自我问题、社会适应问题是有显著性差异的。 另外，从中国城市人口密度对城市居民身心健康的影响及其对居民个人收入与身心健康关系的调节作用模型中可以看出：中国城市人口密度对城市居民的躯体问题、行为问题、认知问题、社会适应以及自我问题和人们身心健康的总体状况具有显著的负向预测作用；城市人口密度对个体收入与积极情绪的关系具有正向的曲线调节效应；城市人口密度对个体收入与躯体问题的关系具有正向的直线调节效应；城市人口密度对个体收入与自我问题的关系具有负向的直线调节效应；城市人口密度对收入与身心健康状况的关系具有负向的曲线调节效应。

A survey was done to the 43872 residents of 60 cities by stratified sampling method. And the urban population density within the municipal districts of China's urban land resources and the city residents’ personal income were taken as the independent variables, while the physical and mental health situation as the dependent variables, including six indexes: emotional problems (positive emotions and negative emotions), cognitive problems, behavioral problems, the self-regard problems, the social adaption problems and physical symptoms. The correlation analysis and hierarchical linear model were used respectively to analyze the relationship between the Chinese city residents’ personal income, the urban population density and the physical and mental health of city residents. The results showed that the Chinese city residents’ personal income and the population density significantly negative predicted the individual physical and mental health of residents. In particular, city residents’ personal income significantly negative predicted the physical symptoms, negative emotional, cognitive problems, behavior problems, self-regard problems and the social adaptation problems of residents in different cities. On the contrary, it showed positive effect on the positive emotion and behavioral problems. The results also showed that the Chinese urban population density significantly negative predicted the physical symptoms, behavior problems, cognitive problems, self-regard problems. However, it had positive curvilinear moderating effect on the relationship between residents’ personal income and positive emotion. In addition, from the Hierarchical Linear Model analysis results, we could draw a conclusion that The urban population density showed a negative curvilinear moderating effect on the relationship between the city residents’ personal income and physical and mental health situation.