认知与发展心理学研究室知识库

目的：探讨8~12岁男孩的支配性特质与睾酮水平、父母教养方式的关系。方法：从山西某两所小学1569例小学生中,通过智力测验选取得分分布接近总体的男孩170例,使用儿童人格问卷及父母教养方式评价量表测量支配性和父母教养方式,酶免疫法测定唾液睾酮水平,共获得有效唾液样本与问卷154例（8岁组49例,10岁组49例,12岁组56例）,每组男孩的智力测验分数呈正态分布。结果：相关分析发现各年龄组中睾酮水平与儿童人格问卷的支配性得分的相关系数均无统计学意义（8岁组,r=0.15,P〉0.05;10岁组,r=-0.04,P〉0.05;12岁组,r=-0.13,P〉0.05）。12岁组中,儿童人格问卷的支配性得分与父母教养方式评价量表的母亲惩罚严厉和母亲拒绝否认得分呈正相关（r=0.33、0.31,均P〈0.05）;男孩睾酮水平与母亲拒绝否认得分呈负相关（r=-0.33,P〈0.05）。结论：8~12岁男孩的支配性特质与睾酮水平可能没有相关,但可能与母亲的专制教养行为（惩罚严厉、拒绝否认）有关,专制教养行为越多,支配性特质可能越强。

Objective： To investigate the relation of trait dominance to testosterone level and their parents,parenting style in eight to tw elve years old boys. Methods： Totally 170 boys w ere selected from 1569 preliminary school students according to their scores in the Cattel Culture Fair Intelligence Test（ CCFIT）,51 aged 8,55 aged10,and 64 aged 12. The boys＇ CCFIT scores w ere normally distributed in every age group. Trait dominance and parenting behavior w ere evaluated by Children Personality Questionnaire（ CPQ） and Egma M innen av Barcindosna Uppforstran（ EM BU）. Salivary testosterone levels of the boys w ere examined by enzyme immune analysis. Finally there w ere 154 boys included,49 aged eight,49 aged ten,and 56 aged tw elve. Results： Although testosterone levels w ere not correlated w ith the scores of trait dominance in the boys（ for those aged 8,r = 0. 15,P 〉0. 05; for those aged 10,r =- 0. 04,P 〉0. 05; for those age 12,r =- 0. 13,P 〉0. 05）,there w ere significant correlations betw een mother＇ s punishment and the scores of trait dominance（ r = 0. 33,P〈 0. 05）,and rejection and the scores of trait dominance（ r = 0. 31,P〈 0. 05） in boys aged 12 yeas,but not in boys aged 8 and 10 yeas. No significant correlations w ere found betw een father＇ s punishment or rejection and the scores of trait dominance at any age. Besides,the scores of mother＇ s rejection w ere negatively correlated w ith testosterone levels in boys aged 12 yeas（ r =- 0. 33,P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion： There might be no direct connections betw een testosterone levels and trait dominance in boys age 8 to 12 yeas,but mother ＇ s authoritarian parenting behavior,such as punishment, rejection, may relate to trait dominance at the age of 12 yeas,w hich indicates the more authoritarian the mother is,the more dominant the boy is.