社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

在西部和中部两地主要收集大学生样本，在华东和华北两地收集多样化样本，共得到3842个被试（44％为户籍或生源地界定的本地人）。用地方认同量表测量本、外地人的地方认同，同时在部分样本上测量其他变量。结果表明：本地人有更高的地方认同，这种本、外地人的差异在西部地区样本上更为明显，中部某市次之；西部、中部样本上的比较发现地方认同在风险知觉和去留意向之间的中介效应在西部本地样本上更低，华东和华北样本上的比较发现地方认同和满意度在本地样本上有更紧密的关联。

Motherland, native, homeland, and other place-related concepts are important constructs, not only because they are relevant to the personal development, but also because the hukousystem and migrant movement exist in our country. Place-related variables are important to understand the psychological world of the individual and the collective. Migrants to a new place without gaining the new hukou produce a group called ＂outlanders＂ as opposed to the natives. These two groups of people would have different feelings and relationships with the same place. Place identity is an important variable to describe person-place relationship, and has received considerable research attention since place is a fundamental component of personal identity.  Four samples were collected from a city in Central China and a district in West China, and two multiple-compnnent Internet samples were collected from a city in East China and a city in North China, and the total number of samples was composed of 3842 people, 44% of whom were native students or residents. The Place Identity Scale revised by Lalli （1992） was used to measure the relationship between people and the place they lived at the time they answered the questionnaire. Several other measurements （including the Risk Perception Scale, the ＂Leave or Stay＂ Intention Scale, the Global Satisfaction Scale） were implemented on some of the six samples.  Internal consistency and inter-correlation coefficients of the subscales of the verbal place identity were tested, and it was found that coefficients based on native samples were higher than those based on non-native samples in trends. On the average level of the total score of the place identity, the scores from the natives were significantly higher than those from the outlanders on all the six samples （the effect sizes using the indication of Cohen＇s d were 1.63 and 1.75 on the two samples of Kashi, .70 and .96 for the two samples of Wuhan, .53 and .54 for Shanghai and Beijing samples respectively）. Two samples from West China were combined as one group, so were the two samples from Central China and the samples from East and North China, and a two-factor anaiysis of variances （ANOVA） was conducted to examine the differences between natives and outlanders in these three combined sample groups, and a significant interaction effect （η2=.04） was found. A simple effects analysis indicated that the greatest difference occurred in the sample group of West China, and the second greatest difference occurred in the group of Central China. The mediation effect of place identity between risk perception and ＂leave or stay＂ intention was lower on native samples from West China than on the other three sample groups （52% vs. 82%, 77%, 77%）, and the correlation between place identity and global satisfaction was significantly higher in the native samples than that in the outland samples （.44 vs..32 on Shanghai samples, and .56 vs..26 on Beijing samples） especially in the North China samples.  The psychological and social importance of exploring the differences of place identity between natives and outlanders in different cities or districts, and their values in involving people in urban development while sharing the profit during the process of urbanization were discussed. Future directions relating to the place identity were also suggested.