中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

心理咨询和治疗离不开对自我的关注,精神分析、行为疗法和认知疗法对自我的关注局限于认知或行为层面,而新兴的正念疗法填补了对自我身体和感受层面关注的空白。具身认知和具身自我实验,以及认知神经科学研究也证明了身体、感知觉和认知情绪的密切关系,及其与自我的息息相关。本文在整合已有心理疗法和实验研究的基础上,提出一种整体观的自我结构,即自我是理性（符号机能、认知情绪）、感性（非符号机能、感知觉）、身体（生理机能）的综合体,缺一不可。

Self is a core concept of psychological counseling and therapy. With respect to psychoanalytic, behavior, and cognitive therapies, the concept of self is only focused on behavioral and cognitive levels, and the newly emerging mindfulness based therapy extends the concept to body and perception. Findings for embodied cognition and cognitive neuroscience research suggest that body, perception, and cognition are inseparable, and they are closely connected with self. By incorporating extant evidence from psychotherapeutic theories and empirical studies, the current paper proposed an integrate concept of self, comprising rationality（symbolic function, cognition and emotion）, sensibility（non-symbolic function, sensation and perception） and body（physiological function）.