健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的探讨积极心理品质对青少年抑郁症状的影响,以及性别、年龄对这种影响的调节作用。方法2011年4—7月,采用青少年价值-行为特征量表（VIA-Youth）和流调中心用抑郁量表（CES-D）对全国10个样本省、自治区和直辖市（北京、上海、浙江、江苏、广东、福建、重庆、广西、内蒙古、安徽）及1个样本市（石家庄）的70 628名青少年进行积极心理品质和抑郁水平测量,其中有效数据为47 872份。性别、年龄因素对积极心理品质与青少年抑郁症状之间关系的调节作用采用分层多元线性回归分析。结果青少年积极心理品质得分为（719.31±84.06）分,抑郁症状得分为（14.64±10.08）分。青少年抑郁症状得分与年龄呈正相关（r_s=0.097,P〈0.001）,而与性别、积极心理品质得分均呈负相关（r_s值分别为-0.026、-0.489,P〈0.001）。积极心理品质能够反向预测抑郁症状（β=-0.495,P〈0.001）。性别对积极心理品质与抑郁症状之间的关系无调节作用（β=-0.007,P=0.095）。年龄对积极心理品质和抑郁症状之间的关系起到调节作用（β=-0.056,P〈0.001）。结论积极心理品质有利于减少青少年抑郁症状,其效果在年龄大的青少年中更为明显。

Objective To investigate the influence of character strengths on adolescent depressive symptoms and regulatory effect of gender and age.Methods From April to July in 2011, using VIA-Youth and CES-D, we conducted measurement of character strengths and depression level on 70 628 adolescents enrolled from 10 sample provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the administration of central government（ Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu,Guangdong,Fujian,Chongqing,Guangxi,Inner Mongolia and Anhui） and one sample city（ Shijiazhuang）.The number of effective subjects was 47 872.The regulatory effect of gender and age on the relationship between character strengths and adolescent depression symptoms was investigated using multi- level multivariate linear regression analysis.Results The score of character strengths of adolescents was（ 719.31 ± 84.06）,and the score of depression symptom was（ 14.64 ± 10.08）.The score of depression symptom and age had positive correlation（ r = 0.097,P〈0.001）,while gender and character strengths had negative correlation（ r values were- 0.026 and- 0.489; P〈0.001）.character strengths had a backward prediction of depression symptom（ β =- 0.495,P〈0.001）.Gender had no regulatory effect on the relationship between character strengths and depression symptom（ β =- 0.007,P = 0.095）.Age had regulatory effect on the relationship between character strengths and depression symptom（ β =- 0.056,P〈0.001）.Conclusion Character strengths alleviates depression of adolescents,and its effect is more obvious among adolescents with higher age.