健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

摘要：目的:在前人研究的基础上,对已有的放松方法进行改良,提出了间断式呼吸训练法,并探讨此方法应对焦虑及镇痛效果。方法:共招募在校大学生、研究生93名。随机分成间断式呼吸放松组(简称呼吸放松组)(n=31),音乐放松组(n=31),和对照组(n=31)。被试填写特质焦虑问卷,疼痛灾难化量表,然后分别进行20分钟的呼吸放松、音乐放松或自由等待,之后填写状态焦虑问卷,应激实验、冷压任务,最后填写应对策略问卷。结果:经过20分钟的训练,呼吸放松组和音乐放松组的状态焦虑水平显著低于对照组(28.76±5.08 vs.36.66±7.44,P<0.001;31.41±7.94 vs.36.66±7.44,P<0.01);呼吸放松组的痛阈显著高于音乐放松组和对照组(16.80±13.87 vs.11.49±9.83,P<0.05;16.80±13.87 vs.8.46±4.72,P<0.001);冷压任务中,冷压痛恢复阶段,呼吸放松组与音乐放松组的痛苦得分显著低于对照组(1.72±1.67vs.3.10±2.53,P<0.01;1.93±1.67vs.3.10±2.53,P<0.05)。结论:经过短期间断式呼吸放松训练的个体能有效应对焦虑,从痛苦中恢复。并且疼痛耐受性优于音乐放松组。间断式呼吸训练是一种有效的放松方法。

【Abstract】 Objective: Based on previous researches, we developed a new relaxation method and tested its effects on re⁃ducing anxiety and analgesia. Methods: Ninety-three College students participated in this study, and were randomly divid⁃ed into 3 groups: the intermittent breath relaxation group(n=31), the music relaxation group(n=31), and the control group(n=31). The participants were asked to complete the Trait Anxiety Inventory and Pain Catastrophizing scale, and then received 20 min of intermittent breath training, music relaxation training, and just-waiting period, respectively. After that, all partici⁃pants performed two behavioral tasks: Mental Arithmetic Test and Cold Pressure Test. Mental arithmetic induced stress and cold water induced pain were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of relaxation training. Stress-related questionnaires were also filled in after the behavioral tests. Results: After the training, the state anxiety scores of both relaxation groups were significant lower than that of the control group(28.76±5.08 vs. 36.66±7.44, P< 0.001; 31.41±7.94 vs. 36.66±7.44, P<0.01). Pain thresholds of the intermittent breath group were statistically higher than the other two groups(16.80±13.87 vs. 11.49±9.83, P<0.05; 16.80±13.87 vs. 8.46±4.72, P<0.001). The distress scores of the two relaxation groups were also lower than that of the control group during the recovery period in the Cold Pressure Test(1.72±1.67 vs. 3.10±2.53, P<0.01; 1.93± 1.67 vs. 3.10±2.53, P<0.05). Conclusion: Short-term intermittent breath relaxation training is an effective and reliable method for reducing anxiety and promoting recovery from distress. Overall, it is better than the ordinary music relaxation method.