健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的：调查青少年超重和肥胖的流行状况,探究青少年体质量与其抑郁和行为问题的关系及其调节因素。方法：样本由北京18个区县的94所高级中学的10 773名中学生组成,年龄12~18岁。根据＂中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体质量指数值（BMI）分类标准＂对青少年的体质量状况进行超重和肥胖筛查,用流调中心用抑郁量表（CES-D）、青少年行为自评量表（YSR）测量青少年的抑郁症状和行为问题。采用回归分析性别、年龄、家庭经济状况等人口学资料与青少年BMI的关系,及其对青少年体质量与抑郁症状和行为问题之间关系的调节效应。结果：超重与肥胖的发生率分别为11.6%（1075/9282）和6.2%（571/9282）。对于女孩,体质量指数与其抑郁症状得分和行为问题得分之间存在正向关联（β=0.27、0.37,均P〈0.01）。家庭经济状况对女孩超重肥胖与抑郁症状得分之间的关系起到调节作用：家庭经济状况低下的女孩因超重肥胖更易产生抑郁症状（β=0.61,P〈0.001）。父亲受教育程度对男孩超重肥胖与行为问题得分之间的关系起到调节作用,父亲受教育程度低其男孩不易因超重肥胖而发生行为问题（β=0.20,P〈0.05）。结论：青少年与超重肥胖相关的抑郁症状存在性别差异;家庭经济状况和父亲受教育程度对体质量与青少年心理健康的关系起到调节作用。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of obesity and overweight among adolescents and explore the association among adjustment problems,adolescents＇ weight status and mental health status.Methods：The sample consisted of 10773 middle school students recruited from Beijing,aged 12 to 18 years.According to the Chinese BMI Index reference normal,overweight and obesity in children and adolescent were screened.Depressive symptoms and externalizing behavior problems were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale（CES-D） and Youth Self Report（YSR）.The moderating effects of social-demographic factors（such as sex,age and family social economic status） on the link between BMI and mental health were examined by regression analysis.Results：Rates of overweight and obesity were estimated at 11.6%and 6.2%,respectively.BMI was associated to depressive symptoms scores and externalizing behaviors scores significantly but only in girls（β =0.27,0.37;Ps0.01）.For girls,family social economic status（SES） has a moderating effect on the relationship between BMI and depressive symptoms scores.The depressive symptoms scores for girls from families of lower SES levels was more susceptible to the influence of overweight and obesity（β =0.61,P〈0.001）.For boys,father＇s education has a moderating effect on the relationship between BMI and externalizing behaviors,the externalizing behaviors scores for boys from families of lower SES levels was not susceptible to the influence of overweight and obesity（β =0.20,P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Gender difference is revealed between adolescents＇ BMI and depressive symptoms.Family social economic status and father＇ s educational level moderates the link between mental health outcomes and weight status.