中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

通过给 4、5、6岁儿童呈现一系列图片 ,分别代表孩子、妈妈以及双方违反约定的不同情况 ,考察了幼儿对条件许诺形式的社会约定的理解。结果表明 :幼儿对条件许诺的认知表现出明显的发展趋势 ,绝大多数幼儿都能指出孩子违反 ,随年龄增大能指出妈妈违反、双违反的人次百分比逐渐增多 ,其中 4岁组没有人能指出妈妈违反 ,5岁组没有人能指出双违反 ; 幼儿对条件许诺中不同角色违背的检测存在“角色效应”和“同侪违背优先检测效应” ; 多数幼儿还没有将条件许诺理解为双条件规则。

By presenting 2 sets of pictures representing different violating situations in which mother or child or both acted as violator ( s) to 3 age groups of 4 , 5 , and 6 year - old , preschoolers’understanding of social contract in the form of conditional promise was examined. The results indicated that : 1) Preschoolers’understanding of conditional promise showed evident developmental progress , which means that most preschoolers can detect peer violation and the rate detecting momviolation and bilateral violation grows with age , among which none 4 - year - olds can detect mom violation and none 5 -year - olds can detect bilateral violation. 2) Preschoolers’detection of different violating figure is different , which manifests perspective effect and priority detection for peer violation effect . 3) Most preschoolers didn’t understand conditionalpromise as biconditional.