健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的:探讨影响成人语后聋患者心理健康的相关因素。方法:随机选取52例重度到极重度语后聋成年患者接受测试,采用自陈测试的评估方法,使用自行编制的基本信息调查表获得本组受试者的社会学数据;使用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和交流恐惧自陈量表获得本组受试者的心理学数据,探讨影响语后聋成年患者心理健康的相关因素。结果:1心理评估结果显示:语后聋成年患者普遍存在"焦虑、抑郁和交流恐惧"的心理症状,本组受试者中存在焦虑症状者24例(46.15%)、抑郁症状者18例(34.61%)、交流恐惧体验者45例(86.54%)。2影响语后聋成年患者心理健康相关因素的结果显示:性别、病程、伴随症状、教育水平、家庭支持均可对耳聋者的心理健康状态产生影响;其中男性患者(优势比为2.246);伴随耳鸣症状患者(优势比为0.536)、病程较短患者(优势比为1.397,1.530)更易出现心理问题;文化水平较高患者(优势比为0.323)、缺乏家庭支持患者(优势比为1.724)更易出现心理问题。结论:成人语后聋患者的心理健康水平远远低于普遍水平,并受到性别、耳聋持续时间、耳鸣、文化程度、家庭支持等诸多因素的影响。听力障碍对耳聋者身心健康造成的负面影响不容忽视,关心和维护耳聋群体的心理健康,减少或避免心理危机的发生和发展具有一定的现实意义。

Objective:To evaluate the mental health level of the post-linguistic deafen adult, to analyze factors affecting the mental health level. Method:Fifty-two adult patients with severe to extremely severe post--linguistic hearing loss were randomly selected to participate the study. A self-reporting questionnaire drew up by researchers was used to collect sociological data of the participants. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and personal report of communication apprehension (PRCA-24) were used to measure the mental health degree of 52 post-linguistic hearing loss adults. To analyze related factors affecting the mental health in post-linguistic deafen adult. Result:(1)Majority of post linguistic deafen adult have mental symptoms, including 24 subjects (46.15 % ) with anxiety feeling, 18 subjects (34.61 % ) with depression feeling and 45 subjects (86.54 % ) with communication apprehension. (2)Gander, with/without tinnitus, duration of hearing loss, education back- ground and family support had significant correlation with the mental health level of subjects. Higher incident rate of mental symptoms were found in male (OR=2. 246), with tinnitus (OR=0. 536), short duration (OR= 1. 397, 1. 530), high education background (OR=0. 323) and poor family support (OR= 1. 724). Conclusion: The mental health of the post-linguistic deafen adult was worse than that of the normal people, pathological feature and socio- logical factors were significantly correlated to the psychological evaluation. It is very important to pay attention on mental health and to give effective counseling of hearing loss people.