中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

摘要：情绪预期是指个体对于未来事件引起的情绪反应的预测。前人研究发现，抑郁症状更多的个体比抑郁症状更少的个体预期更少的愉快情绪，然而其背后的工作机制尚未清楚。低愉快信念是指个体认为某些特定的活动不愉快，或个体认为自己总体上不能体验到愉快情绪。低愉快信念可能影响情绪预期的加工，也可能与抑郁症状存在联系，因此低愉快信念可能是抑郁症状与情绪预期缺损的中介因素。本研究将探讨低愉快信念与抑郁症状的关系，并进一步探讨低愉快信念在抑郁症状与降低的愉快情绪预期中的中介作用。本研究共收集1427份有效问卷，其中男生411人(22.88±2.50岁)，女生1016人(21.95±2.25岁)。研究采用贝克抑郁量表对抑郁症状进行测量；采用愉快信念量表测量低愉快信念；采用时间性愉快体验量表、期待性与即时性人际间愉快体验量表中的期待性条目测量对愉快情绪的预期。本研究采用偏相关分析探讨低愉快信念与抑郁症状的关系，并采用结构方程模型探讨低愉快信念的中介作用。研究结果发现，在控制了年龄与性别的条件下，低愉快信念与抑郁症状之间存在显著的正相关（r=0.36, p<0.001）。此外，观测数据与假设的中介模型吻合度良好(RMSEA=0.007; CFI=1; TLI=0.999; χ2=1.07; p=0.30)，低愉快信念的中介作用显著(β=-0.14, 90% CI=-0.173 to – 0.111, p<0.001)。研究结果提示了抑郁症状个体可能有低愉快信念，并且低愉快信念可能是造成抑郁症状人群减少的愉快情绪预期的原因之一。

Abstract:Affective forecasting is defined as the ability to predict one’s emotional reaction to future events. Previous studies have demonstrated robust evidence that individuals with more depressive symptoms anticipated less pleasure than people with less depressive symptoms. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Low pleasure beliefs are beliefs that certain activities are not pleasurable or beliefs about difficulties in experiencing pleasure. Low pleasure beliefs may impact affective forecasting processing and may be associated with depressive symptoms, which may further mediate the relationship between depressive symptoms and affective forecasting. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis by investigating the correlation between depressive symptoms and low pleasure beliefs first, and examing the mediation effect of low pleasure beliefs on the relationship between depressive symptoms and pleasure forecasting in the general population. 1427 young adults (411 males, mean age= 22.88 years, SD = 2.50; 1016 females, mean age = 21.95, SD=2.25) completed the online self-report questionnaires. Depressive symptoms, low pleasure beliefs and pleasure forecasting were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, the Belief about Pleasure Scale, and anticipatory items in the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale, respectively. The relationship between depressive symptoms and low pleasure beliefs was examined by partial correlation analysis. The mediating role of low pleasure beliefs between depressive symptoms and positive affective forecasting was calculated by structural equation modelling analysis. Significant correlation was found between depressive symptoms and low pleasure beliefs (r=0.36, p<0.001), with age and gender controlled. Moreover, the hypothesized model was supported by observed data (RMSEA=0.007; CFI=1; TLI=0.999; χ2=1.07; p=0.30) and a significant mediation effect of low pleasure beliefs (β=-0.14, 90% CI=-0.173 to – 0.111, p<0.001) was found. The present results suggest that individuals with depressive symptoms may have low pleasure beliefs. Moreover, low pleasure beliefs of depressed individuals may lead to their reduced pleasure forecasting.