中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

信教还是不信教?这是一个决策问题。行为决策的两类基本理论模型(分析式系统和启发式系统)都尝试着对这个问题进行解释。期望价值理论(属于分析式系统)产生于对"帕斯卡的赌注"的分析;齐当别抉择模型(属于启发式系统)被用于解释为什么"骆驼穿过针的眼,比财主进神的国还容易"。这两类模型用决策科学的语言,将信不信宗教问题简化为可证伪的选择问题。其审题的不同视角,反映了期望家族理论与启发式家族理论之间的碰撞。

Objective: To translate the Early Signs Scale(ESS) into Chinese and to test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the ESS(ESS-C). Methods: Two-hundred community stable schizophrenia patients and 60 relapsed inpatients with schizophrenia were administered the ESS-C. Two weeks later, 30 community patients were administered the ESS-C again. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 4-factor structure showed acceptable but not ideal goodness-of-fit, the indices were CFI=0.83, TLI=0.82, SRMR=0.056, RMSEA=0.084. The factor loads of each factor were 0.545-0.753 for anxiety/agitation, 0.563-0.760 for depression/withdrawal, 0.462-0.757 for disinhibition, 0.566-0.790 for incipient/psychosis. The mean content validity(CVI) for ESS-C was 0.92, CVI for each item ranged from 0.80-1.00. The Cronbach’s α was 0.966 for the whole scale, and ranged from 0.813 to 0.922 for each factor. The test-retest reliability ranged from 0.724 to 0.921 for factor scores and total score. Conclusion: The ESS-C showed good content validity, criterion validity and reliability, the structure validity was acceptable but not ideal.