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工作一家庭外溢与中年科技工作者睡眠质量的相关性分析
其他题名The Relation between W orkrFamily Spillover and Sleep Quality among Middle-aged Scientific Staff
江兰
2010-10
摘要

本研究采用问卷调查的方法对我国中年科技工作者睡眠状况进行了研究,利用《匹兹堡睡眠质量指数》、《工作一家庭外溢量表》及《工作特征问卷》的工作要求量表探讨工作压力、家庭压力以及工作一家庭外溢对中年科技工作者睡眠质量的影响。样本来自中国科学院心理研究所2009年全国科技工作者心理状况调查数据库中的6245名35^50岁已婚有子女者,平均年龄41. 32士4. 15岁。

本研究主要结果如下:

1、中年科技工作者PSQI总均分为5. 19士2. 94 9 26. 8%的中年科技工作者总体睡眠质量差。主要的睡眠问题为入睡时间较长、睡眠时长较短、睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍较多。

2、不同性别的中年科技工作者在总体睡眠质量上没有显著差异。但与女性相比,男性的睡眠时长较短、睡眠障碍较多。而女性使用催眠药物的频率较高,白天也感到更多的精力不足和困倦。

3、中年科技工作者的睡眠质量存在年龄差异,45-50岁组睡眠质量显著差于45岁以下的群体。他们的睡眠时长少,睡眠障碍多、睡眠效率低。

4、工作压力能预测睡眠质量。工作要求越高,睡眠质量越差;但并非工作时间越短就越有利于睡眠。日工作时间大于8小时者,工作时间越长,睡眠质量越差;对日工作时间不足8小时的人而言,工作时间越短,睡眠质量越差。

5、家庭压力,包括家庭忧虑、有无患病父母、子女年龄均会从不同方面影响睡眠质量。

6、回归分析发现,工作一家庭外溢对睡眠质量有较大的预测率,与工作一家庭间积极外溢相比,消极外溢能更好的预测睡眠质量。并且性别、年龄和工作-家庭外溢对睡眠质量的影响存在交互作用。

其他摘要

The present study surveyed the sleep status of middle -aged scientific staff in China. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ,Work-Family Spillover,Demands Scale from Job Characteristics were used to study how stress in work, stress in family and work-family spillover affected their sleep quality. The 6245 participants were from the database of scientific staff psychologic status survey in 2009, with their average age of (41.32士4.15), ranged from 35 to 50 years old .The main findings are as follows:

1.The PSQI total average score was (5.19士2.94). 26.8% of the participants had sleep problems.This proportion was higher than the general middle age population. The main sleep problems of middle.aged scientific staff were: difficult to fall in sleep, short sleep duration, sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction.

2.The PSQI sum score had no significant differences between genders. However, compared with females, males' sleep duration wcre shorter and they had more sleep disorders. .n the other hand, females used sleeping medicine more frequently and more feelings of tiredness in daytime.

3.There were significant agc differences in sleep quality. The sleep quality of 45m50 years old group was significantly worse than the group less than 45 years old.4550 years old group had short sleep time, more sleep disorders and poor sleep efficiency.

4. Working pressure may increase the risk of sleep problems. The higher the work pressure, the worse the sleep quality. But short working hours didn't result in good sleep. On condition of working over 8 hours in a day, more working time resulted in worse sleeping quality. Conversely, if working time - vvas less than 8 hours, shorter working hours led to worse sleep quality.

5·Family stress, including family worries, parents' health condition, children's age,affected sleep quality in different ways.

6.Hierarchical regression analysis showed that work-family spillovcr significantly predicted sleep quality. Compared with the positive spillovcr between work and family, the negative spillover between work and family can predict sleep quality better. In addition, the interaction of work.family spillovcr with gender and age significantly predicted sleep quality.

关键词中年 科技工作者 横断面调查 工作一家庭外溢 睡眠质量
学位类型硕士
语种中文
学位名称医学心理学
学位授予单位中国科学院大学
学位授予地点中国科学院心理研究所
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/28413
专题健康与遗传心理学研究室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
江兰. 工作一家庭外溢与中年科技工作者睡眠质量的相关性分析[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学,2010.
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