认知与发展心理学研究室知识库

本研究采用横向研究法，测查了我国城市居民的心理健康状况，从基本状况、家庭与环境三个方面，测查了居民的八种日常生活压力，以及乐观和社会支持水平。研究旨在考察日常生活压力与心理健康的关系，以及乐观和社会支持在以上关系中的调节作用。样本来自中国科学院心理研究所2007国民心理健康状况调查数据库，包含6531名18-55岁健全成年人，平均年龄34.83士9.84岁。

木研究得出以下主要结论:

1、随着日常生活压力增大，心理健康水平呈显著降低趋势。日常生活压力对于心理健康的主效应显著。

2、乐观与社会支持对心理健康的主效应均呈显著。

3、在日常生活压力对心理健康的负性影响__匕乐观的调节作用呈现两个不同方面:

(1)乐观与婚姻质量的交互作用对心理健康指数的预测作用呈显著:

(2)乐观分别与健康状况、婚姻质量、父亲健康、通勤状况的交互作用对 抑郁量表总分的预测作用呈显著。乐观水平越高，以上四种日常压力对心理健康的负性影响越小。

(3)乐观与母亲健康的交互作用对抑郁量表总分的预测呈显著。乐观水平越高，母亲健康状况压力对一个体抑郁症状的负性影响越大。

4、社会支持分别与健康状况、绿化生态压力的交互作用对抑郁量表总分的预测作用呈显著。社会支持水平越高，以上两种压力对抑郁症状的负性影响越小。

The present study surveyed the psychological health status of Chinese adult urban residents, eight types of stresses in three aspects (basic status, family and environment)of everyday life, optimism, and social support with cross-sectional method. The purpose of the research was to explore the association between daily life stress and psychological health, and how optimism and social support may affect psychological health by buffering the negative effect of stress on psychological health respectively.The 6531 participants were from the database of Chinese psychological health status survey in 2007, with their average age of (34.83士9.84), ranged from 18 to 55 years old. Main findings included:

1、The level of psychological health was found to get lower significantly as daily life stress level rose. Daily life stress was found to have significant detrimental main effects on psychological health.

2, Both optimism and social support were found to have significant main effects on psychological health.

3、Optimism was found to moderate the adverse effect of daily life stress upon psychological health in two different ways:

(1)The interaction between optimism and marital quality predicted the scores of psychological health significantly;

(2)The interaction between optimism and the four types of daily life stresses respectively一health status, marital quality, paternal health and commuting status, predicted the scores of depressive symptom significantly.

The four types of daily life stresses above had weaker unfavorable effects on psychological health, as the level of optimism rose (3)The interaction between optimism and maternal health status was found to predict the scores of depressive symptom significantly.

Inversely, the stress of maternal health status had deteriorating effects on psychological health, as the level of optimism rose.

4, The interaction between social support and the two types of daily life stresses respectively-health status and environmental greening status, significantly predicted the scores of depressive symptom. The two daily life stresses above were found to have wearer negative effects on depressive symptom, as the level of social support rose.