健康与遗传心理学研究室知识库

目的 从代际传递角度探讨祖辈教养风格、父母教养方式、父母情绪智力与幼儿情商的关系，为幼儿教育和问题行为预防及早期干预提供依据。

方法  选取北京市丰台区第一幼儿园、北京市第一幼儿园、爱果亲子幼儿园3-6岁幼儿及其家长325名作为研究对象。采用父母教养方式评价量表、情绪智力问卷以及巴昂情商量表(幼儿版)，选取北京地区3家幼儿园350名幼儿及其父母研究。

结果 (1)幼儿祖辈教养风格为专制型与民主型家庭长大的幼儿父母情绪智力差异最显著，t=-2.361, ,n=0.019。不同学历父母的教养方式差异显著，T ( 2, 322 ) =10. 449p<0. 05; 不同学历父母的情绪智力差异显著，F (2, 322) =5. 733, p<0. 05; 男孩情商得分111.37士11. 67，女孩情商得分114. 47士10. 66，二者差异显著（E=-2. 499, p<0. 05 ) ；父母对男孩、女孩的教养方式有所不同，在“情感温暖与理解”（t=-2.55, p<0.05 ),“惩罚与严厉”（t=-2. 02, p<0. 05 )、“偏爱”（t=-3.47, p=0.001)三个维度上的得分差异显著。(2)父母的情绪智力与其教养方式显著相关，r=0.523， P<0.01；(3）幼儿情商既与父母的教养方式显著相关，r=0.408， P<0.01，也与父母的情绪智力显著相关，r=0.4269 p<0.01。 (4)教养方式中的“情感温暖与理解”维度和“父母情绪智力”进入了除“压力管理成分”以外的所有回归方程;“惩罚与严厉”进入了“压力管理成分”回归方程，“偏爱”进入了“人际关系成分”回归方程，“过度保护”进入了“积极印象成分”回归方程。

结论 祖辈教养风格不同，幼儿父母的情绪智力不同，而教养方式无差异;父母教养方式和情绪智力显著相关，且皆与幼儿情绪智力显著相关。

Objective: Exploring the correlation between kids' emotional quotient (EQ) and parent's emotional intelligence (EI) and parenting style, and grandparent's rearing style.

Methods: Parenting Style Inventory (Li, 2006), Emotional Intelligence Scale (Austin et al, 2004), and Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I, Preschooler version, Xu & Zhang, 2002), were distributed in three kindergartens and filled out by 350 parents respectively. Results: 1) Parents grown up in different grandparent's rearing style differ in EI, F(3,321)=2.80,p<0.05; parents with different educational levels differ in both EI [F(2,322) =10.44，p<0.01] and parenting style [F(2,322)=5.733, p<0.05]; EQ of Boy! [111.3士11.67] and girl [ 114.47士10.66] preschoolers differ significantly, t=-2.499, p<0.059 and were reared by parent differently, as shown by the gender differences on ‘warmth and understanding', ‘punishment', and ‘over-involved'. 2) There are significant correlation between parenting style and EI for parents, r=0.523，P<0.01.3) Parent's EI (r=0.426，p<0.01) and parenting style (r=0.408，P<0.01) are all correlated with preschoolers' EQ significantly. 4)Except for "stress management" of all regression equations in the parenting style of "emotional warmth and understanding" dimension of parents and the emotional intelligence”; ”punishment and severe "into the" stress management "regression equation," preference "into the" interpersonal relations "regression equation," overprotection "into" positive impression composition "regression equation.

Conclusion: Parents grown up with different grandparent's rearing style differ in emotional intelligence, but not parenting style. Patent's parenting style and emotional intelligence correlated significantly, both are correlated with their 3-6 year old children's EQ.