社会与工程心理学研究室知识库

在目前中国经济转型、对组织创新要求越来越高的时代，企业对员工创新行为的依赖程度也越来越高。在众多影响员工创新行为的因素中，目标取向作为员工个体所拥有的稳定的、独特的特质可能是员工创新行为背后潜在的影响因素，而知识共享行为，尤其是隐性知识共享行为往往在两者之间起到中介作用。本文旨在研究学习目标取向、绩效证明取向和绩效回避取向通过隐性知识共享行为对员工个人创新行为的影响机制。

本研究对包括信息技术企业和服务外包企业在内的11家企业共计1}4名有效被试及其主管开展了问卷调查，其中目标取向和隐性知识共享行为由员工本人填写，员工创新行为由员工的直接主管评价。结构方程分析发现，学习目标取向对隐性知识共享行为产生正向影响;绩效证明取向对隐性知识共享行为产生正向影响:绩效回避取向对隐性知识共享行为的影响效果不显著;同时，隐性知识共享行为对员工创新行为有显著影响，学习目标取向和绩效证明取向通过隐性知识共享行为对员工创新行为起间接作用。

本研究一方面通过目标取向的三分法，拓展了目标取向对员工创新行为影响的研究;另一方面通过聚焦隐性知识共享行为，拓展了知识共享在目标取向和员工创新行为中间接作用的研究领域。研究结果可为组织中员工创新行为的管理实践提供理论指导。

Innovation is playing a very important role on the long-term competitive advantages of organizations under current Chinese economic transition era. Enterprise has higher degree of dependence on employee innovative behavior. Among the many factors that affect employee innovation behavior, goal orientation, as individuals' stable and unique characteristics, possibly is the potential influencing factor. However, knowledge sharing behavior, especially the tacit knowledge sharing behavior plays the mediator role between goal orientation and employee innovative behavior.

A total of 184 valid employees and their direct supervisors (rating their subordinates' innovative behaviors) from 11 companies participated the survey. Structural equation analysis showed that both learning orientation and performance-prove orientation had positive effect on tacit knowledge sharing behavior, while the effect of performance-avoid orientation on tacit knowledge sharing behavior was not significant. Tacit knowledge sharing behavior had positive effect on individual's innovative behaviors; learning orientation and performance-prove orientation had an indirect effect on their innovative behaviors via tacit knowledge sharing.

The current studies expanded the goal or0ientation's indirect effect model on employee innovation behaviors via tacit knowledge sharing by three goal orientations on one side, on the other side offered theoretical guidance to the management which would improve the innovation behavior effectiveness of employees.