羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响:自我控制的作用

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.00992

	羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响:自我控制的作用
其他题名	The influence of shame on deceptive behavior: The role of self-control
	范伟 1; 任梦梦 1; 肖俊泽 1; 简增郸 1; 杜晓明 1; 傅小兰2,3
第一作者	范伟
通讯作者邮箱	fuxl@psych.ac.cn
心理所单位排序	2
摘要	本文通过4个实验考察羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响,并进一步探讨这一影响存在的条件及其机制。实验1考察羞耻情绪对欺骗的影响,结果发现羞耻组的欺骗行为和欺骗倾向显著低于控制组。实验2将羞耻分为道德失范和能力不足两种情景,考察羞耻对欺骗产生影响的条件,结果发现,道德失范羞耻组的欺骗行为显著低于能力不足羞耻组和控制组。实验3a考察道德失范所引发的羞耻对自我控制资源的影响,结果发现,羞耻情绪诱发组的自我控制任务成绩显著高于未诱发组。实验3b考察自我控制资源在羞耻情绪影响欺骗行为中的作用,结果发现,自我控制资源在羞耻情绪影响欺骗的过程中起完全中介作用。这些研究结果表明,当个体的羞耻情绪由道德失范而诱发时,会遏制其欺骗行为的产生;羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响机制可能是:感受到羞耻的个体,为恢复和保护受损的道德自我,通过调集更多自我控制资源的方法影响欺骗行为的出现。
其他摘要	Shame, as a typical moral emotion, has an influence on individual behavior that is both complex and controversial. Previous studies have found that shame produces both an unpleasant experience and a moral emotion that encourages individuals to produce positive behaviors. In recent years, Hooge's research has proceeded from the perspective of motivation. He believes that, no matter how shame makes individuals perform, their motivation is to restore and protect the damaged self. Therefore, based on Hooge's theory, this research will examine this typical immoral behavior as an example to discuss the impact of shame upon it and its ways. In this study, students from a university were randomly selected as participants, and the number of each experiment's participants was arranged according to the experimental requirements. Questionnaires and behavioral experiments were used throughout the experiment, and the experimental procedures were completed in accordance with the regulations of each experiment. The requirements for each experiment were different and the procedures for conducting the experiment were different. The statistical methods of the study were also based on the requirements of each experiment. Experiment 1 examines whether shame has an effect on deceptive behavior. Its results show that the number and tendency of deception in the shamed group were significantly lower than in the control group. To more fully explore the impact of shame on deceptive behavior in different contexts, Experiment 2 improved upon the deficiencies of Experiment 1 and divided shame situations into two types: moral anomie and lack of ability. It was found that the number of deceptions in the moral anomie shamed group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of deceptions in the lack of ability shamed group was significantly higher than that in the control group. To examine the specific methods and mechanisms of shame in affecting deception, we propose that shamed individuals increase their self-control resources and, thus, reduce the theory of fraud. Experiment 3a examined the impact of shame on self-control resources and found that the self-control resources of the shamed group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Experiment 3b explored the specific mechanisms of shame affecting deceptive behavior. It was found that self-control resources played a complete mediating role in the process of shame in affecting deception. In summary, these findings suggest that shame can deter deception under certain conditions. The condition is that shame is caused by moral disorder rather than lack of ability; the mechanism of shame in affecting behavior may be: Individuals who feel shame will restore and protect the damaged moral self by mobilizing more self-control resources to influence behavior.
关键词	羞耻情绪自我控制资源欺骗行为影响机制中介作用
其他关键词	shame;self-control resources;deception;influence mechanism;mediating role
	2019-07-25
语种	中文
DOI	10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.00992
发表期刊	心理学报
ISSN	0439-755X
卷号	51 期号:09 页码:992-1006
期刊论文类型	期刊论文
URL	查看原文
收录类别	CSCD ; CSSCI ; 中文核心期刊要目总览
项目简介	国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0822501);; 中国国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(NSFC61621136008/DFG TRR-169);; 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671134);; 湖南省社会科学基金(18YBQ095);; 湖南省自然科学基金(2018JJ3341,2018JJ2254);; 湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(17C1013)
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6565466
取样对象	人类
性别	男 ; 女
年龄组	青年（18岁-29岁）
被试数量	实验1:53 ,实验2:92 ,实验3a:82 ,实验3b:124
国家或地区	中国
省份	湖南
测试或任务	羞耻情绪测量量表;道德同一性问卷;诚信评价问卷;损耗任务操作检验测量;道德失范羞耻情绪诱发测量;坚持性任务测量
因变量指标	决策反应时;欺骗行为;任务时长;坚持时长
实验仪器	E-prime 2.0
统计软件	SPSS 19.0
统计方法	回归分析;重复测量方差分析;独立样本 t 检验
引用统计	被引频次：8[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录] 被引频次：4[CSCD] [CSCD记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/29953
专题	脑与认知科学国家重点实验室
作者单位	1.湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系认知与人类行为湖南省重点实验室; 2.中国科学院心理研究所脑与认知科学国家重点实验室; 3.中国科学院大学心理系
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	范伟,任梦梦,肖俊泽,等. 羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响:自我控制的作用[J]. 心理学报,2019,51(09):992-1006.
APA	范伟,任梦梦,肖俊泽,简增郸,杜晓明,&傅小兰.(2019).羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响:自我控制的作用.心理学报,51(09),992-1006.
MLA	范伟,et al."羞耻情绪对欺骗行为的影响:自我控制的作用".心理学报 51.09(2019):992-1006.

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