中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

本实验选择了幼儿园大班,小学一、三、五年级的5—12岁右利儿童133人,用八种书写方式书写自己的姓名、阿拉伯数字1—10和八个汉字,同时检查了儿童的定向能力。结果表明:随着年龄的增大,镜像书写出现的人次和数目减少;自左往右的习惯方向书写所出现的镜像人次和数目比自右往左的非习惯方向少;左手出现镜像书写比右手多;双手同时书写比单手出现的镜像书写多;有空间定向力的比仅有自身定向和无定向力的人出现的镜像书写少。本文验证了镜像书写形成的传统假说后,进一步提出了熟练理论:随着对汉字和数字的认知与视-书写运动图式的牢固掌握,镜像字体的出现就逐渐减少,并认为镜像书写存在着一个复杂的机制,是受多因素控制的。

133 5-to-12-year olds from kindergarten and primary school were asked to write their names, Arabic numerals from 1 to 10 and eight Chinese words. In the meantime, they were tested on their right/left spatial orientation. The results show that the frequency of mirror witing appeared to decrease with the increase of age. When witing in a havitual le-ft-to -right direction, the subjects produced fewer mirror words than when writing in a non-havitual right-to -left direction, writing with both hands produced more mirror words than witing with a single  hand, and writing with left hand produced more mirror words than writing with right hand. The subjects having good apatial orientation worte fewer mirror words than those having poor spatial orientation. After reviewing various hypo-these of mirror writing, we propose a hypothesis of skill, the more skillfully a child writes, the fewer mirror words he produces. The mechanism of mirror writing is very complicated and affected by many factors.