中国科学院心理健康重点实验室知识库

人类研究和动物研究对于揭示疼痛加工机制和检验镇痛方案效果都不可或缺.从跨物种的角度入手,有机整合不同层次的研究,将有利于推动疼痛研究的进一步深化和研究成果的转化应用.然而,人类研究和动物研究在研究内容、技术手段和疼痛评估方式上都存在较大差异.这给不同物种研究成果的整合和对比带来了巨大挑战.开发物种间可转化的疼痛生物学指标将有助于提升人类研究和动物研究的可比性,为深入开展跨物种疼痛研究奠定基础.近年来的研究提示,疼痛诱发的高频振荡信号(gamma band oscillations, GBOs)是一个潜在的跨物种疼痛生物学指标,该指标编码疼痛强度的特性在人类、大鼠和小鼠中均被证实.采用跨物种的研究方法,研究者可以利用不同层次(微观-介观-宏观)的技术手段探讨该指标的产生机制和调控原理,进而为基础研究成果的应用转化提供帮助.在今后的跨物种研究中,应充分考虑不同物种差异,加强对不同物种研究结果的比较,并从生理、心理和社会的整合性角度入手开展疼痛研究,从而为研究者从不同层次理解疼痛、开发镇痛方法提供重要的理论依据和实践指导.

Both human and animal studies are essential to revealing the mechanisms of pain processing, to identifying novel pain treatments, and to evaluating the effectiveness of pain management strategies. A cross-species approach to study pain can help us integrate data and findings obtained at different levels, thus advancing our understanding of pain and translating preclinical research into clinical programs. However, there are fundamental differences between species, which leads to nonnegligible discrepancies between human and animal studies. This brings great challenges in data interpretation and result comparison and integration. One possible solution to this problem is to discover translatable pain biomarkers across species. Gamma band oscillation (GBO) evoked by painful stimulus is one of the potential pain biomarkers, since it has been well-validated in both human and rodent studies. Using a cross-species approach, researchers are able to investigate the neural mechanisms and the regulating principles of GBO at different levels (microscopic—mesoscopic—macroscopic), which would benefit the translational research. On the other hand, it is necessary to acknowledge the differences between species and the influences of biological, psychological, and social variables when using a crossspecies approach in pain research.

国家自然科学基金(批准号:31822025,31701000,31671141)资助