中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

Leadership style,especially transformational leadership and transactional leadership,has become a hot topic in the study of leadership theories since 1980s.Based on literature review,questionnaires,focus group interview and so on,with more than 6500 tes- tees,this study has explored the structure and mechanism of transformational and transactional leadership.The findings are that the structure of transformational leaderships includes four dements,namely,vision encouragement,moral modeling,charisma and individ- ual consideration.'Moral modeling'stresses the modeling influence of the leader's own behavior on his employees,while'individual consideration'also includes the leader's consideration on his employee's individual life and family.The comparison between trans- formational leadership,PM and paternalistic leadership tells us that there are still other explanations to leadership effectiveness.The structure of transactional leadership,under the background of Chinese culture,includes the four dimensions of contingency reward, contingency punishment,procedure control and expected investment.'expected investment'stresses the comparatively implicit in- vestment of the leader into his employees in advance,which is of Chinese characteristics.Transactional leadership and transformation- al leadership have forward prediction to the performance within or out of the role,to the degree of job satisfaction and to the leader- ship effectiveness,but have backward prediction to the intention to quit.With the promotion of the employee's positions,the influ- ence of transactional leadership,in terms of performance within the role and the intention to quit,will decrease;with the improvement of the employee's income,its function will be reduced gradually;the effectiveness of transformational leadership will be enhanced with the promotion of the positions.

国家自然科学基金(项目资助号:70471060)的资助。