中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

荟萃分析(又称元分析)以量化方式综合实证研究结果,是积累整合证据并推进基础与应用研究的重要工具.在开放式科学这种新型研究实践下,荟萃分析是整合开放数据、进行科学推断的重要手段.但荟萃分析的过程繁复、方法多样,其执行上的严谨性对荟萃分析质量影响较大,因此报告的透明性和开放性对其结果的可重复性尤为重要.为了解中文荟萃分析报告规范性的现状,让更多研究者了解荟萃分析报告的规范性与透明性,提升荟萃分析报告的质量,本文以国际学界广泛使用的系统综述和荟萃分析优先报告条目(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA)以及开放式科学理念为基础,结合基于效应量的荟萃分析报告特点,拟定《开放与可重复荟萃分析的报告清单》(Preferred Reporting Items for Open and Reproducible Metaanalysis, PRIOR-MA),并以心理学中的荟萃分析为例,对近五年国内发表的68篇中文荟萃分析的方法和结果部分进行回顾.基于结果,本文建议荟萃分析报告需要在以下方面进一步加强其开放性与透明性:文献搜索的时间及限制、研究筛选和数据收集过程的细节、文章筛选的流程图、效应量转换的细节、单个研究偏倚状况的评估等.本文为开放式荟萃分析提供了一个较为全面的报告清单(PRIOR-MA),为未来荟萃分析研究提供了参考.

Meta-analysis is a crucial tool for accumulating evidence in basic and applied research.In the open science era,meta-analysis becomes an important way for integrating open data from different sources.Meanwhile,because of researchers’high degree of freedom introduced by multiple-steps and multiple-choices in each step of meta-analysis,the openness and transparency are crucial for reproducing the results of meta-analysis.To reflect the transparency and openness of meta-analysis reports published in Chinese journals and improve the transparency and openness of future meta-analysis by Chinese researchers,we developed a Chinese version of a checklist for meta-analysis(Preferred Reporting Items for Open and Reproducible Meta-analysis,PRIOR-MA),which was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)and the principle of openness and transparency.We then surveyed the methods and results of 68 meta-analysis papers published in mainstream Chinese psychological journals in the last five years.Our results revealed that the openness and transparency of Chinese meta-analysis reports need to be improved,especially in the following aspects:the date/time and limitation of literature search,the details of screening and data collection,the flow chart of article screening,the details of effect size transformation,and the evaluation of individual research bias.The checklist,which lists almost all aspects that an open meta-analysis should include,can be used as a guide for future metaanalysis.This paper provides a comprehensive checklist(PRIOR-MA)for open meta-analysis,and provides a reference for future meta-analytic research.