| 其他摘要 | Objective:With the intensification of population aging, the mental health of the elderly has received increasing attention. Depression symptoms are the most common problem affecting the mental health of the elderly. The occurrence of depressive symptoms in the elderly is the result of the interaction of physiological-psychological-social factors. In the past, psychological research paid more attention to the correlation between psychological and social factors and depressive symptoms, and less attention was paid to the correlation between physiological factors and depressive symptoms in the elderly. The occurrence of depressive symptoms is related to the natural decline of physical function in the elderly, and the decline of motor system function is the most common manifestation of physical decline. People gradually realized that motor function not only affects the physical health of the elderly, but also significantly affects the mental health of the elderly. Skeletal muscle function is an important physiological material basis for elderly exercise function. Muscle strength and muscle content can objectively reflect the relationship between exercise function and depressive symptoms. This study aims to explore the relationship between muscle strength, muscle content and depression in elderly residents in my country through cross-sectional research and follow-up one year later, so as to provide reference for the management and prevention of depression in the elderly. Methods: Subjects were selected from the elderly who lived in the community of Tianjin and agreed to participate in the free physical examination for the elderly in China, and received a comprehensive geriatrics comprehensive assessment. The final baseline data included 1180 subjects, with an average age of (67.22±5.85) years old, including 533 males and 647 females. The design used one-to-one questionnaires for the study subjects, which included demographic data (gender, age, marital status, education level), health status (sleep quality, history of disease) and physical activity ability (IPAQ). Physical examination and body composition measurements included structural variables (skeletal muscle content in the limbs), functional variables (grip strength and stand up walking tests), and measurements of body mass index. The incidence of depression in the elderly was assessed by using the Depression Scale for the Elderly -15 items. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between muscle strength and muscle content and depression. One year later, due to the restriction of the prevention and control of COVID-19, some elderly people were not able to participate in the follow-up. A total of 348 elderly people were revisited and evaluated comprehensively. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between muscle strength and depression status in the elderly. Results: (1) According to the 15-item score of the Depression Scale for the Elderly, 140 elderly people are in a depressed state, and the detection rate is 11.9%; the detection rate of depression in the elderly over 70 and 65-69 years old is 16.4% and 12.2%, respectively , Are higher than the detection rate of depression in the elderly under 65 (8.2%), the difference is statistically significant (χ² value = 12.88, P = 0.002).(2) Controlling age, marital status, education level, obesity, IPAQ, sleep quality, and disease history, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between grip strength and depression in elderly men. The results showed that compared with the highest grip strength group, middle-aged and elderly men in the lowest grip strength group had an increased risk of depression, with an OR (95% CI) of 2.41 (1.03, 5.67). The multivariate logistic regression model analyzes the relationship between gait speed and depressive state in elderly men. Compared with the slowest gait group (above 20 seconds), the OR value of the risk of depressive state in elderly men with a gait speed of less than 10 seconds and 10-19 seconds (95%CI) were 0.110 (0.032, 0.382) and 0.140 (0.041, 0.472), respectively, with P <0.05. (3) The multivariate Logistic regression model showed that obesity (BMI≥28kg/m2) was associated with depression in older men, regardless of the relationship between muscle strength level or muscle content and depression, or the relationship between walking speed and depression; Compared with the low IPAQ group (< 600 met /week), the high IPAQ group (3000MET/week and above) and the middle IPAQ group (600-2999 met /week) were negatively correlated with the risk of depression in the elderly women (P <0.05).(4) One year later, it was found that the muscle strength and depression of the elderly tended to be significant. Conclusion: Grip strength, gait speed, and obesity were associated with depressive status in older men, and functional activity index (IPAQ) was associated with depressive status in older women. These findings provide a new perspective for the maintenance and promotion of physical and mental health of elderly residents in China. |
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