| 其他摘要 | These studies mainly explore the current overall level of altruistic behavior and the influencing factors in hearing-impaired adolescents. The results of these studies will provide scientific theoretical basis for improving the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents in the future and will also provide effective scientific guidance for mental health education in special schools. Two studies were set up in this paper, in the first study, a group of hearing-healthy adolescents was set as the control group and then investigate the overall level of altruistic behaviors by comparing the altruistic behavior between hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. Meanwhile, a comparative study was conducted on the demographic variables between hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. In the second study, a chain mediator model of belief in a just world, gratitude, life satisfaction and altruistic behavior was established for hearing-impaired adolescents, which will further explore the influencing factors of altruistic behavior in hearing-impaired adolescents. In the first study, the participants were 511 middle school students with hearing-impairment in 9 different special schools and 610 middle school students with hearing-healthy adolescents from Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Fujian, Hunan and so on. They were assessed with the Altruistic Behavior Questionnaire. SPSS 23 was used to analyze the data and was used to conduct the optimal scale regression analysis on the demographic variables and altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired and hearing-healthy adolescents. Results: the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents（t=-13.50，p<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of boys in both healthy and hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously higher than that of girls（t=2.33，p<0.05；t=2.40，p<0.05）.There were no obvious differences in altruistic behavior between junior high school and senior high school for hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-0.85，P>0.05）; the level of altruistic behavior of hearing-healthy junior high school students was obviously higher than that of senior high school students（t=-3.25，p<0.01）; the level of altruistic behavior of healthy hearing high school students was obviously higher than that of hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-10.23，p<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of rural hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of rural hearing-impaired adolescents（t=-9.09，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of urban hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of urban hearing-healthy adolescents（t=-10.47，P<0.001）；the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from intact families（t=-11.63，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from single-parent families（t=-7.69，P<0.001）; the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from the one-child family and the altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents was obviously lower than that of hearing-healthy adolescents from the non-only child family（t=-8.32，P<0.001；t=-10.74，P<0.001）. The total regression effect of the hearing-impaired adolescent model was not significant （R2=0.04，P<0.05）.Gender, hearing loss degree, methods of correction had obvious influence on altruistic behavior of hearing-impaired adolescents (t=0.09，P<0.05；t=0.10，P<0.001；t=0.10，P<0.001), while the only-child family, urban or rural residence, family structure, the disabling reason had no obvious influence on altruistic behavior（t=0.04，P>0.05；t=0.05，P>0.05；t=0.07，P>0.05；t=0.01，P>0.05）. The optimal scale regression results of hearing-healthy adolescents were significant（R2=0.05，P<0.001）；Gender, grade and urban and rural residence had a obvious influence on the altruistic behavior of hearing-healthy adolescents（t=0.09，P<0.05；t=-0.09，P<0.05；t=0.13，P<0.01）; The only-child family and family structure on altruistic behavior were not significant（t=0.02，P>0.05；t=0.07，P>0.05）.In the second study, the participants were 511 middle school students with hearing-impairment in 9 different special schools from Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Fujian, Hunan and so on. They were assessed with the Belief in a Just World Questionaire, Subjective Well Being Scale, Gratitude Questionaire and the Altruistic Behavior Questionnaire. SPSS 23 and AMOS 21 were used to analyze the data.The results：①: Belief in a just world, altruistic, gratitude and subjective well-being were evidently positively correlated with each other; ②:The relationship between belief in a just world and altruistic was respectively mediated by gratitude and subjective well-being; ③: Gratitude and subjective well-being were serial multiple mediators between belief in a just world and altruistic．According to the results, we can draw the following conclusions: Belief in a just world has effects on altruistic behavior, not only through the direct path, but also through the indirect path of mediating chain of gratitude and subjective well-being. |
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