The level of burnout among nurses is generally higher. Previous studies have found that burnout is related to the level of mindfulness. Moreover,the effect of existing mindfulness courses on improving burnout is unstable. Therefore, this study further confirms the causal relationship between mindfulness awareness and job burnout and negative emotions, and on this basis, develops mindfulness short-term training techniques and verifies its effectiveness in improving job burnout. The study is dividing into two sub-studies.In Study I, a cross-sectional survey of 232 psychiatric clinical nurses was conducted using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS) to investigate mindfulness awareness and occupation. The relationship between burnout and depression-anxiety-stress, and examine the mediating role of job burnout between mindfulness awareness and depression-anxiety-stress. Consequently, the results showed that the MBI score of psychiatric nurses was higher. Besides, MAAS correlated negatively with MBI and DASS (both P<0.01). Regression analysis found that MAAS negatively predicted MBI and DASS (both P<0.01). The intermediary analysis found that MBI played a partial intermediary role between MAAS and DASS (both P<0.01).In Study II, mindfulness-based stress self-help (MBSS) has developed. Totally 56 psychiatric clinical nurses had randomly divided into an intervention group (n=27) and a control group (n=29). The intervention group participated in a 2-day MBSS and a 1-month of autonomous training after class. The control group did not intervene during the study period. Two groups of subjects scored using MAAS, MBI, and DASS scales at 3 visit points at baseline, after 2-days MBSS, and after 1-month of autonomous training practice. Investigate the scale score changes before and after the intervention and make a correlation analysis of the difference between the scores before and after the intervention. The results showed that the MAAS scores of the intervention group were higher than the baseline after two days of intensive training and a month of voluntary practice. All of the total MBI scores, each dimension’s scores, and the anxiety dimension scores of DASS were lower than the baseline (all P<0.01). The MAAS scores of the control group were not significantly different at the three visit points (P>0.05), but the MBI and DASS scores increased (both P<0.05). The Correlation analysis has found that the differences between the three dimensions of MAAS and MBI before and after the intervention were negatively correlated (all P<0.01), but none of the correlation was found with changes in the scores before and after the intervention of DASS (P>0.05).In Conclusion, the results as follows: There is a significant negative correlation between mindfulness awareness and job burnout, and it can predict the level of job burnout and the corresponding negative emotions. Burnout plays a part in mediating role between mindfulness awareness and negative emotions. Through a specially developed short training course for mindfulness and stress management, it can effectively improve the mindfulness-awareness of psychiatric nurses, also improve their job burnout and corresponding negative emotions.
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