| 其他摘要 | It is the inherent stability ability of human beings, including other creatures, to make a quick and effective judgment on the identity, gender and intention of an organism by using its own movement information, and it plays an important role in individual survival and social interaction. However, in the past, the extensive research on biological movement focused more on behavior and psychophysics. With the development of technology in recent ten years, the evidence from the fields of brain functional imaging, neural regulation and neuroelectrophysiology shows that the dorsal pathway of the visual system, especially the higher cortex, has made a great contribution to the recognition of biological movement, but the relationship between ventral pathway and information processing of biological movement is still confined to the study of brain injury cases. Little is known about whether the cortex of ventral pathway is involved in encoding biological movement information. This study is devoted to exploring the neurophysiological mechanism of biological movement information processing, and puts forward the hypothesis that V4, the intermediate cortex of ventral pathway, may be involved in the characteristic information processing of biological movement.
In this study, in view of the high similarity between rhesus monkeys and human brains in functional anatomy, we adopted the extracellular recording technology of conscious monkey nerve electrophysiology, and implanted electrode arrays in the V4 brain area, an important part of ventral pathway, to explore the responses of neurons to biological motor stimulation, linear optical flow stimulation and nonlinear optical flow stimulation. Starting with the shape, inversion and walking direction of biological motion stimulus, this paper aims to find out the contribution of V4 brain region in the extraction of biological motion feature information. The results show that: 1) There are a large number of neurons in the V4 brain area that can be activated by scattered movement stimulation, and the selective response to radial light flow is significantly stronger than that of rotating light flow, while expansion movement can induce stronger firing than contraction movement; 2) Neurons in V4 brain area have significantly different responses on average distribution rate to PLD stimulation (point-light displays) with three characteristics: inversion (upright vs inverted), form (intact vs scattered) and direction of walking (left vs right), which is obviously different from the neural mechanism of dynamic encoding of biological motion
information by higher cortex in dorsal visual pathway. These results indicate that there are a large number of neurons in V4 area that are sensitive to scattered movement patterns, and they can encode biological movement characteristic information through differential average distribution frequency, which provides direct evidence for finding out the neural mechanism of biological movement information processing in the key brain areas of ventral visual pathway. |
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