| 其他摘要 | Deception is a common unethical behavior, and researchers debate whether individuals' intuitive responses in deception tasks are deception or honesty. In the past, some studies have proved that the individual's intuitive response is deception, and some studies have proved that it is honesty, but the latest moral default hypothesis points out that individuals' intuitive responses in cheating tasks vary, with some individuals having an intuitive response to cheating and others having intuitive responses to honesty, this difference may be related to the honesty personality trait. Honesty-Humility and implicit honesty personality are two potential factors that affect the types of intuitive responses, but whether these two honesty personalities are stably linked to individual cheating behavior and whether they are related to differences in intuitive responses in deception tasks have not been tested. Accordingly, the present study investigated the relationship between Honesty-Humility, implicit honesty personality and individual cheating behavior and intuitive responses in deception tasks through two sub-studies. In this study, non-psychology undergraduates and postgraduates were recruited as study subjects, with an average age of 23.77 years (SD=2.29). Study 1 explored the relationship between Honesty-Humility, implicit honesty personality and cheating behavior under the condition of no cognitive load manipulation, and based on the reaction time index, the difference of intuitive response of high and low honesty personality in deception task was measured. Some inferences have been made. The results of study 1 showed: (1) There is no significant correlation between the individual's Honesty-Humility and implicit honesty personality and the individual's cheating behavior, but the high Honesty-Humility individuals were more sensitive to changes in reward magnitude, and they were more reluctant to cheat for high reward. The behaviors of individuals with low Honesty-Humility under different reward levels showed no significant difference. (2) From the perspective of response time, the response time of deception of individuals with low Honesty-Humility is significantly shorter than that of honesty, while individuals with high Honesty-Humility do not show a stable and consistent response time difference pattern. There is no significant difference between deception and honest response time of individuals with high and low implicit honesty personality. The above results show that individuals with low honesty and modesty personality may have an intuitive response to deception. Study 2 manipulated the cognitive processing mode of individuals by applying cognitive load, and on this basis, the differences in intuitive responses of high and low honest individuals in deception tasks were analyzed. Direct inspection was carried out. Study 2 also found that there was no significant correlation between individuals' Honesty-Humility and implicit honesty and deceit, but Study 2 found that individuals with low Honesty-Humility exhibited an intuitive response to cheat under the condition of high deception (that is, when the difference between lies and facts was greater), that is, under this condition, their cognitive resources were reduced due to high cognitive load. Were more dishonest when depleted than they did in low cognitive load conditions, but cognitive processing patterns did not affect individuals with high Honesty-Humility, who did not exhibit a distinct type of intuitive response. This may be because the behavior of individuals with high Honesty-Humility is more stable and less susceptible to cognitive manipulation. Although not statistically significant, individuals with high and low implicitly honest personalities tended to exhibit the same pattern of outcomes. The results of the two studies partially support the moral default hypothesis, proving that individuals with low honesty personality have an intuitive response to cheat, it also shows that the individual's intuitive response in the deception task is affected by the situational factor of deception degree, and the influence of cognitive processing mode on the individual's deception behavior has certain individual and situation specificity.
To sum up, this study comprehensively explores the relationship between honesty-modesty personality, implicit honesty personality, individual cheating behavior and intuitive response in cheating tasks. The results of this study enrich the hypothesis of moral default value in the theoretical level, and can be used for reference in shaping individual honest behavior in the application level. |
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