其他摘要 | Background: The overweight and obese population in China has grown rapidly over the past 40 years, with more than half of adults now overweight or obese. Overweight and obesity do harm to the physical and mental health of individuals and cause a burden on the national economic development, which has become an important public health problem in China. The "Healthy China 2030" plan outlined the action target of "by 2030 is the growth rate of overweight and obese population will significantly slow down" is clearly stated.
There were a lot of weight loss interventions and research, mainly in order to strengthen the behavior of diet and exercise control is given priority to, is effective in helping to lose weight. However, lacking of the combination of physical, psychological and social factors, make it difficult to keep effective weight management for a long time. As a result, the long-term impact is weak, overweight and obesity is still increasing, hence leading to rising cost for treatments. Objective: Since effective weight management requires continuous self- monitoring of weight and food intake, increased attention to internal physiological signals, and increased awareness of external cues that cause bad eating behaviors such as binge eating, studies have suggested using mindfulness to help with weight loss. Currently, there are many mindfulness-based intervention methods for weight loss. Due to practical reasons, there is no comparisons between the effects of different mindfulness-based intervention methods in the intervention of overweight and obese healthy adults, which leads to little understanding on which mindfulness-based intervention has better weight loss effect. The research on weight loss with mindfulness has just started in China, which includes only one review and no empirical study on weight loss with mindfulness. There is a lack of understanding of the weight loss effect of using mindfulness to intervene in overweight and obese people in China, and the weight loss effect of using mindfulness to intervene in Chinese overweight and obese people. There is also a great need to develop relevant tools to measure weight loss with mindfulness in China. Given the above problems, this thesis carried out three studies.
Methods: This study first used a Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare the effects of different mindfulness-based weight loss interventions. Second, the current mindfulness weight loss questionnaires were revised to verify their reliability and validity. Afterwards, a 3×3 randomized controlled experiment was used to compare the effects of the new mindfulness group, the time-restricted feeding group, and the blank control group on weight loss.
Results: The meta-analysis results of study 1 showed that traditional Mindfulness therapy and Mindful eating awareness training (MB-EAT) were better than the active control group or blank/small intervention group. The probability of weight loss using mindful eating awareness training was the highest, followed by traditional mindfulness therapy. The results of study 2 showed that the Mindful Eating Behavior Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight and Practice Quality Mindfulness Questionnaire had good reliability and validity, and were suitable for measuring the mindfulness eating skills, weight related experiential avoidance and the quality of each mindfulness exercise of the Chinese population. Study2 was explored for the study 3 whether mindfulness weight loss intervention effectively improved mindfulness eating skills, it reduces the empirical avoidance behavior related to weight and provides a tool to investigate the relationship between the practice quality and weight loss. Study 3 explored the differences in psychological and behavioral indicators among different weight groups in China and made a new mindfulness weight loss intervention program to understand the weight loss effect of the new mindfulness weight loss intervention program on overweight and obese adults in China through empirical research. The results of the randomized controlled trial showed that the new mindfulness group was significantly better than the time-restricted feeding group and the blank control group in terms of changes in BMI, weight loss rate and weight change, and the new mindfulness group had more improvements in several secondary indicators than the time-restricted feeding group and the blank control group.
Conclusion: The above results show that: 1 In order to obtain better weight loss effect, we can give priority to Mindful eating awareness training when choosing or developing a mindfulness weight loss intervention programs. 2 The revised Mindfulness Eating Behavior Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight and Practice Quality Mindfulness Questionnaire are applicable to the Chinese population. 3 The new mindfulness weight loss intervention program can effectively help Chinese overweight and obese adults lose weight, and improve the quality of mindfulness practice each time will help to improve the mindfulness traits and mindful eating behavior. |
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