中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的：探究父母低头行为与青少年焦虑、抑郁、手机依赖的相互预测关系。方法：采用父母低头行为量表（Parents Phubbing Scale）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表（Generalized anxiety disorder 7-Item Scale，GAD-7）、病人健康问卷抑郁量表（Patient Health Questionnaire-9，PHQ-9)、简版智能手机成瘾量表（Smartphone Addiction Scale-SV），对山东潍坊某寄宿制初中337名学生进行间隔6个月的2次测量，使用交叉滞后面板模型进行数据分析。结果：2次测量学生焦虑症状的检出率分别为69.7%和63.1%；抑郁症状的检出率分别为44.4%和31.2%；手机依赖的检出率分别为54.1%和45.6%。青少年感知的父母低头行为随时间推移有增加趋势，青少年焦虑、抑郁和手机依赖水平有减少趋势。2次测量的父母低头行为与青少年焦虑、抑郁、手机依赖均呈正相关（均r >0.34，P＜0.01）；前测父母低头行为能够单向预测后测青少年焦虑（β=0.180，P＜0.01）、抑郁（β=0.119，P＜0.05）、手机依赖（β=0.136，P＜0.05）；焦虑、抑郁与手机依赖无显著的相互预测作用。结论：青少年焦虑、抑郁和手机依赖检出率均较高；父母低头行为和青少年的手机依赖行为有因果关系，减少青少年的手机依赖不能忽视家长的榜样作用。

Objective: To explore the mutual predictive relationship between parental phubbing behavior, adolescents' anxiety, depression and mobile phone addiction Methods: Using the Parents Pubbing Scale, Generalized anxiety disorder 7-Item Scale(GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHD-9) and Smartphone Addiction Scale-SV, 337 students in a boarding junior high school in Weifang, Shandong Province, were measured twice at 6-month intervals, and data were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel model. Results: The detection rates of anxiety symptoms were 69.7% and 63.1%, respectively. The detection rates of depressive symptoms were 44.4% and 31.2%, respectively. The detection rates of mobile phone addiction were 54.1% and 45.6%, respectively. The levels of anxiety, depression and mobile phone addiction among adolescents tended to decrease over time. There was positive correlation between parents' phubbing behavior and adolescents' anxiety, depression and mobile phone addiction (r >0.34, P < 0.01). Pretest parental phubbing behavior could unidirectionally predict posttest adolescent anxiety (β=0.180, P < 0.01), depression (β=0.119, P < 0.05) and mobile phone addiction (β=0.136, P < 0.05). There was no significant interaction between anxiety depression and mobile phone addiction. Conclusion: The detection rates of anxiety, depression and mobile phone addiction are higher in adolescents. There is a causal relationship between parents' phubbing and adolescents' mobile phone addiction, so we cannot ignore the role of parents' example in reducing adolescents' mobile phone addiction.

国家自然科学基金项目（编号：62107038）