北京中小学生创造性思维的发展以及十三年前后之比较

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	北京中小学生创造性思维的发展以及十三年前后之比较
其他题名	The development of Creative thinking for School children in Beijing and the Comparison over 13 years
	许君
	2007-06-12
摘要	该研究使用纸笔测验考察了北京中小学生创造性思维的发展特点。测量工具采用“创造性思维测验”。被试为北京地区的两批学生，一批是1993年从小学三年级到高中三年级的普通中、小学生，每个年级随机抽取一个班，共387人（男生218人，女生169人）；另一批是2006年从小学三年级到高中三年级的普通中、小学生，每个年级随机抽取一个班，共420人（男生181人，女生239人）。根据测量结果，分析总结了2006年学生创造性思维的发展特点，并讨论学生创造性思维发展在13年前后的变化情况。主要研究结论如下： 1）三种创造性思维的发展趋势都是随着年级的升高而波动上升，小学的平均水平最低，初、高中成绩显著高于小学。 2）小学五年级至六年级是学生创造性思维发展最迅速的阶段。 3）数字创造性思维（PNE）在高一出现陡降现象（slump），实用创造性思维（TPC）在初一、高一先后出现陡降现象，图形创造性思维（FGA）发展中没有出现陡降现象。 4）PNE、TPC的成绩女生显著优于男生，FGA成绩性别差异不显著。 5） 2006年三种创造性思维成绩均优于1993年，其中FGA、TPC成绩2006年显著高于1993年；PNE成绩两次测试差异不显著。 6） 2006年与1993年三种创造性思维水平能够达到的最大值无显著差异。 7） 2006年三种创造性思维发展最快的阶段都在五年级和六年级，1993年各创造性思维发展最快的阶段是从初一到初三之间。 8） 1993年三种创造性思维成绩性别差异不显著；2006年PNE、TPC成绩性别差异显著，女生高于男生；FGA性别差异不显著。
其他摘要	This study investigated the major characteristics of creative thinking development for the school children in Beijing with paper/pencil tests. The “Creative Thinking Test” was executed. The representative samples were two groups of students who came from the classes in 3rd-grade to 12th-grade of normal schools in Beijing. The classes were selected at random, one grade one class. One group is composed of 387 students (218 males, 169 females) in 1993, the other is composed of 420 students (181 males, 239 females) in 2006. According to the data analysis, the major characteristics and the changes over the 13 years of the development of creative thinking for student were explored and discussed. 1) The development trends of three types of creative thinking were all flexuous increase with grade moving up. The mean score of elementary school students was the lowest. And scores of junior high school students and senior high school students were significant higher than elementary school students’. 2) The most rapid increase occurred from the 5th grade to 6th grade. 3) Slumps occurred in the 7th grade in PNE curve and also in the 9th and 12th grades in TPC curves. There was no slump in FGA curve. 4) The girl’s scores in PNE and TPC tests were significant better than boys’. No obvious gender difference was found in FGA test. 5) The scores of three creative thinking tests in 2006 were all better than those in 1993. Separately, the scores of FGA and TPC tests in 2006 were significant higher than the corresponding scores in 1993, and no significant difference was found in two PNE tests. 6) There was no significant difference in the maximum scores of the three creative thinking tests between 2006 and 1993. 7) The most rapid developing period of three types of creative thinking in 2006 were the 5th grade and the 6th grade. The same period in 1993 was from the 7th grade to 9th grade. 8) In 1993, there is no significant gender difference for each creative thinking test. In 2006, PNE and TPC results had remarkable gender difference that girls were higher than boys. No significant gender difference was found in FGA tests.
关键词	创造性思维发展趋势比较研究智力导入量
学位类型	硕士
语种	中文
学位授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
学位授予地点	心理研究所
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/4384
专题	中国科学院心理研究所回溯数据库(1956-2010)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	许君. 北京中小学生创造性思维的发展以及十三年前后之比较[D]. 心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所,2007.

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