Institutional Repository, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
遮挡范式下碰撞时间估计的特性研究 | |
其他题名 | A Research on the Influential Factors of Time to Collision Estimation |
黄端 | |
2009-01-09 | |
摘要 | 对运动物体碰撞时间的估计(TTC估计)是个体重要的认知能力,与避免碰撞和进行拦截等行为有关。目前关于TTC估计的研究有很多,也产生了一些具有影响力的理论,其中最具代表型的当属τ理论。在τ理论的基础上,相关研究发现视觉信息和物理信息是影响TTC估计的重要信息源。除此以外,是否还存在其他影响因素呢?本研究运用遮挡范式,采用混合设计,考察了不同类型被试(驾驶员和非驾驶员)、运动物体(小车和三轮车)、运动速度(慢速和快速)和运动方向(从左到右和从右到左)对TTC估计的影响。实验在电脑上完成,21名专职驾驶员和20名非驾驶员参加实验。被试的任务是,当其认为物体刚好撞上红色目标线条时按键确认。实验采用E-prime程序编写并记录反应时间。结果表明:(1)对小车的TTC估计与对三轮车的TTC估计有显著差异;(2)驾驶员TTC估计明显好于非驾驶员。由此可见,运动物体的概念信息和驾驶技能及经验也是影响TTC估计的信息源。 |
其他摘要 | The estimation of Time to Collision (TTC) related to avoiding collisions or making interceptions is an important cognitive ability for individuals. A number of studies have been carried out on this topic and related theories are developed. One of the most famous theories is the τ Theory. Based on the τ Theory, researches have found that visual information and physical information of moving objects would influent the TTC estimation. Are there any other factors that can affect people’s TTC estimation? A mixed design was used to examine the TTC estimation by different types of participants (professional drivers / people can not drive), with different moving objects (car/tricycle), under different speed (slow/fast) and direction (left to right / right to left) in Occlusion Paradigm. There were 21 professional drivers and 20 individuals who cannot drive participated in the experiment which was displayed on a computer. Participants were asked to click the button when he/she believed that the moving object had just contacted the red line. E-prime was used to establish the whole experimental environment and the RT was recorded at the same time. The results revealed that: (1) there is significant different TTC estimation between car and tricycle; (2) the professional drivers have more accurate TTC estimation than people do not drive. We can come to conclusion that conceptual information and driving skill could affect TTC estimation. |
关键词 | 碰撞时间 遮挡范式 驾驶技能 概念信息 |
学位类型 | 硕士 |
语种 | 中文 |
学位授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
学位授予地点 | 心理研究所 |
文献类型 | 学位论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/4422 |
专题 | 中国科学院心理研究所回溯数据库(1956-2010) |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 黄端. 遮挡范式下碰撞时间估计的特性研究[D]. 心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所,2009. |
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