中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

语言理解是认知科学和计算机科学交叉领域共同关心的问题,但两个学科在选择具体研究问题时却十分不同.认知科学领域的研究侧重解析大脑的工作机制,更多地关注于描述大脑对语言的响应,缺乏对大脑语言功能整体化、系统化的研究,而计算机科学家在选择研究问题时重点关注实际应用效能,往往忽略了对语言最本质规律的研究.那么,如何实现两种思路的交叉融合,为智能语言计算模型的构建和语言认知机理的研究带来新的机遇和启发呢?本文首先简要回顾了认知科学和计算机科学在语言理解方向上的研究问题、发展历程和研究方法,重点阐述研究现状和面临的挑战,之后对比认知科学和计算机科学领域对于语言理解问题的主要观点,分析两者之间的异同.最后对现有语言认知和语言计算两个领域的交叉融合方法进行归纳和总结,并对未来发展趋势予以展望.

Abstract Language understanding is the key scientific issue in cognitive science and computer science. However, the two disciplines are quite different in selecting specific research questions. Research in cognitive science focuses on analyzing the working mechanism of the brain and describing its response to language, while only a few research studies investigate the brain's language system as a whole. In contrast, computer scientists focus on the efficiency of practical applications when choosing research questions and often ignore essential laws of language. Thus, the research question becomes: "Can we combine these two disciplines to develop new insights into building intelligent language models and studying cognitive mechanisms?" This paper first reviews the research question, history, and methods of language understanding in cognitive science and computer science, focusing on the current research status and challenges. Then, it compares the commonalities and differences in language understanding between the two fields. Finally, it analyzes the existing work that combines the insights from language cognition and computation and prospects the future development trend.

国家自然科学基金(批准号:62036001,61906189,31771248);; 之江实验室重大科研项目(批准号:2019KB0AC02)资助项目