中国科学院心理研究所机构知识库

目的 探讨亲子冲突在父亲低头行为与儿童外化行为问题间的中介效应，为儿童外化行为问题的预防及干预提供依据。方法 于2021年6月采用方便抽样方法抽取辽宁省7所、四川省1所幼儿园3～6岁儿童父亲为研究对象，采用通用低头行为量表、亲子关系量表、儿童长处和困难问卷进行调查。采用结构方程模型和Bootstrap法分析亲子冲突在父亲低头与儿童外化行为问题间的中介效应。结果 调查583人，回收有效问卷531份，问卷有效率为91.08%。父亲年龄为（34.86±8.39）岁；本科及以上学历172人，占32.39%；子女为独生285人，占53.67%。父亲低头行为的无手机恐惧、人际冲突、自我孤立和承认问题维度得分分别为（3.71±1.53）、（2.02±1.18）、（2.26±1.29）和（3.07±1.38）分；亲子冲突得分为（2.25±0.82）分；儿童外化行为问题的品行问题和多动/注意力问题维度得分分别为（0.31±0.26）和（0.82±0.46）分。父亲低头行为对儿童外化行为问题有直接正向影响（β=0.165,P=0.005），还可通过亲子冲突（β=0.358,P<0.001）间接影响儿童外化行为问题（β=0.449,P<0.001）。亲子冲突的中介效应为0.161 (95%CI:0.104～0.221)，对总效应的贡献率为49.39%。结论 亲子冲突在父亲低头行为与儿童外化行为问题间起部分中介作用，父亲低头行为可直接影响儿童外化行为问题；也可正向作用于亲子冲突，间接影响儿童外化行为问题。

Objective To investigate the mediating effect of parent-child conflict on paternal phubbing and externalizing behavior problems in children, so as to provide insights into the prevention and interventions of childhood externalizing behavior problems. Methods The fathers of children at ages of 3 to 6 years were sampled from seven kindergartens in Liaoning Province and one kindergartens in Sichuan Province using a convenience sampling method in June 2021. The Generic Scale of Phubbing, the Parent-child Relationship Scale, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Children were employed. The mediating effect of parent-child conflict on paternal phubbing and externalizing behavior problems in children was examined using a structural-equation model and Bootstrap method. Results A total of 583 questionnaires were allocated, and 531 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 91.08%. The fathers had a mean age of (34.86±8.39) years, and 172 fathers had an educational level of bachelor degree and above (32.39%) and 285 had a single child (53.67%). Among paternal phubbing questions, the mean scores of nomophobia, in⁃ terpersonal conflict, self-isolation and problem acknowledgement dimensions were (3.71±1.53), (2.02±1.18), (2.26±1.29) and (3.07±1.38), respectively, and the mean score of parent-child conflict was (2.25±0.82). Among all childhood externalizing behavior questions, the mean scores of conduct and attention deficits/hyperactivity dimensions were (0.31±0.26) and (0.82±0.46), respectively. Paternal phubbing posed an direct positive effect on childhood externalizing behavior problems (β =0.165, P=0.005), and indirectly affected childhood externalizing behavior problems (β =0.449, P<0.001) via parenchild conflict (β=0.358, P<0.001). The mediating effect of father-child conflict was 0.161 (95%CI: 0.104-0.221), and was contributed 49.39% to the total effect. Conclusions Parent-child conflict plays a partial mediating role in the association between paternal phubbing and childhood externalizing behavior problems. Paternal phubbing may directly affect childhood externalizing behavior problems, and may indirectly affect childhood externalizing behavior problems through the positive effect on parent-child conflict.

国家社会科学基金项目（18BSH117）