中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

在新冠疫情期间，我们测量了中意英美4国民众对“混合得失”双结果跨期选择的偏好，从中推算出5种全球主要纸币及黄金的贴现率变化趋势，发现：1）在中国民众眼中，各货币中人民币的贴现率最小；而在意英美国民眼中则没有差异；2）中国人仍对硬通货“黄金”保持信任（即人民币与黄金挂钩）；而意英美国民却没有（即美元等与黄金脱钩）。我们的发现或可作为衡量疫情危机中民众对各纸币信心指数与集体信任的行为标志物。

While the world is undergoing changes unseen in a century, we conduct a cross-national survey in China, Italy, United Kingdom, and the United States to examine the respondents’ intertemporal choices with double-dated mixed outcomes that were expressed by using five major global currencies (U.S. dollar, euro, British pound, Japanese yen, and RMB) and one hard currency “gold.” We found that 1) Chinese people believe that a gap exists in the discounting rate of the five kinds of banknotes, and the order from small to large is: RMB, U.S. dollar, euro, British pound, and Japanese yen, whereas in Europe and the United States, there exists almost no gap in the discounting rate of these five banknotes; 2) The Chinese still believe in the hard currency “gold” (RMB is linked to gold). Meanwhile, the people in Europe, the United States, and other countries no longer trust in the hard currency “gold” (the dollar is decoupled from gold). Researchers can use our findings as behavioral markers to estimate whether these currencies remain as “hard currency” in people’s minds or whether the worldwide crisis will affect our collective trust in banknotes. In the language of Harari’s Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind, we can utilize such a behavioral marker to assess to what extent we still collectively trust in the “fictional entities” of the existing monetary system.

国家社会科学基金重大项目（19ZDA358）;; 2020年中国科学院心理研究所科研项目（E0CX403008）;; 福建省社会科学规划一般项目(FJ2020B057)