中国科学院行为科学重点实验室知识库

目的:探索孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的动作模仿及眼动特征.方法:选取符合精神障碍诊断与统计手册第5版(DSM-5)ASD诊断标准的学龄儿童52例,年龄相匹配的正常对照儿童30例.采用儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)评估ASD儿童的症状严重程度,以无意义手势模仿任务范式评价动作模仿水平,眼动追踪技术记录眼动数据.结果:与正常对照儿童相比,ASD儿童的任务观察时间和兴趣区(ROI)时间较长,ROI比例较低,模仿分数较低(均P＜0.01).回归分析显示,ASD儿童任务观察时间与模仿分数负向关联(β=-0.55,P＜0.01),ROI比例与模仿分数正向关联(β=0.31,P＜0.01).结论:ASD儿童存在动作观察缺陷,并可能是ASD儿童动作模仿的特点之一.

Objective: To discuss how the level of parental mindful parenting affects the physical and mental health of adolescents，and the mediating effect of basic psychological needs in the process. Methods: The questionnaire was administered by a total of 258 middle school students and their parents with Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire，Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale and Symptom Check list 90. Results:①The analysis showed that parents’mindful parenting was negatively correlated with adolescent problem symptoms(r=-0.187，P <0.01)，but affected in a positive way the adolescents’basic psychological needs of autonomy，relatedness and competence( r = 0. 415，0. 276，0.332; P<0.01)，which was in a negative correlation with the problem symptoms(r= -0.532，-0.501，-0.545;P＜0.01). ②The mediating analysis，supported by the satisfactory data of the model( x²²/df=2.461，CFI=0.983，TLI=0.962，RMSEA=0.075，SRMR=0.029)，showed that the sense of need could play a media- ting role in parents’ mindful parenting and adolescents’ problem symptoms to a certain extent. Conclusion: Mindful parenting can further meet their psychological needs，then improving the physical and mental health of adolescents.

国家自然科学基金(31671163)