其他摘要 | One of the important goals of preschool education is to promote children's social development. Social adaptation is crucial to children's social development, but in recent years, the detection rate of social adaptation difficulties such as externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in children is worrying. Therefore, research on children's social adaptation is worth exploring. Children's social adaptation is influenced by external factors such as family and society, as well as internal factors such as genetics, temperament, and executive function. Previous studies have found that parenting styles affect children's aggressive behavior through executive function, and maternal authoritative parenting style affects children's social adaptation through executive function. However, there is little research on the relationship between father's parenting style, executive function, and children's social adaptation. Studies have shown that fathers play a challenging role in children's upbringing, encouraging children to engage in competitive sports and experience stimulation and challenges, which helps children to explore the world, solve problems, and take on future social risks in unfamiliar situations. Due to the differences in parenting styles, the relationship between father's parenting style, executive function, and children's social adaptation in preschool children needs to be further studied, and the role of children's gender in this relationship should also be explored.
(1) In this study, we selected children aged 3一6 years and their fathers in kindergartens in Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Beijing and Hebei, and collected 306 questionnaires, 197 children's executive function tests and 60 fathers' parenting interviews. Each variable was selected with fathers 'parenting style as the independent variable, preschool children social adaptation as the dependent variable, preschool children's executive function as the mediating variable, and child gender as the regulating variable. Through the parenting style of fathers, the executive function and social adaptation of preschool children, the relevant data analyzes the data of the parenting questionnaire and the corresponding parents, and through the quantitative analysis through the data of Study 1 and 2 and the qualitative analysis interviews of Study 3, the following research results are obtained:
(2) Authoritarian parenting style of fathers is positively correlated with preschool children's social adaptation difficulties, while authoritative parenting style of fathers is negatively correlated with preschool children's social adaptation difficulties. An authoritative father respects the child and gives them democratic participation rights, which is conducive to improving children's social adaptation ability. However, an authoritarian father interferes too much and punishes too severely, leading to children being more likely to have social adaptation difficulties.
(3) Children's executive function plays a partial mediating role between father's parenting style and preschool children's social adaptation difficulties. Father's parenting style not only directly predicts preschool children's social adaptation difficulties but also indirectly predicts preschool children's social adaptation difficulties through the mediating role of executive function.
(4) Children's gender can moderate the relationship between father's authoritative parenting style and preschool children's social adaptation difficulties, with a more significant impact on girls than boys. However, the impact on boys is not significant. Under the influence of father's authoritative parenting style, children's gender moderates the relationship between executive function and preschool children's social adaptation difficulties, with boys being more affected than girls.
(5) The results of whether children's gender can moderate the relationship between father's authoritarian parenting style and preschool children's social adaptation difficulties are inconsistent. Study 1 showed that the impact of authoritarian fathers on boys' social adaptation difficulties is greater than that on girls, while Study 2 showed that children's gender does not moderate this relationship.
Based on the results of the above study, the study concluded the following conclusion: paternal parenting with preschool children social adaptation significantly related, paternal parenting through affecting the executive function of preschool children social adaptation, the mediation effect by child gender, reflected in the paternal parenting style and preschool children social adaptation relationship and executive function and the relationship of social adaptation. This study complements the literature research on paternal parenting style, child social adaptation, and child executive function relationships, and provides theoretical reference and empirical templates for guiding fathers to adjust their parenting style in order to better make children have good social adaptability. |
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