| 其他摘要 | In recent years, the group of children and adolescents with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, suicide and other problem behaviors gradually show a trend of younger age, primary school students' ability to distinguish right from wrong is weak, sudden factors will cause interference to primary school students' thinking and psychology, leading to bad behavior, individuals with good mental resilience can flexibly adapt to difficulties and maintain calm, personality development. As a new-born parenting mode, mindful parenting is gradually known to the public. It is a kind of parenting mode that unconditionally accepts, appreciates and pays attention to the child, and also pays attention to the physical and mental state of the child. It makes the parent-child interaction positive and harmonious, and alleviates the pressure of the parent and the bad behavior of the child. However, there is a lack of research on the influence and mechanism of maternal mindful parenting on the mental resilience and problem behavior of ordinary primary school students. Therefore, this study mainly investigates the relationship and mechanism between maternal mindful parenting, mental resilience, mother-child relationship, positive emotion and problem behavior, as well as the influence of mindfulness intervention on the mental resilience of primary school students. This paper mainly adopts questionnaire survey method, case study method and experimental intervention method. SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS macro program are used to conduct statistical analysis of data such as common method deviation test, correlation analysis, regression analysis and intermediary test. This paper consists of three studies:
In the first study, the Mindful Parenting Scale, the Mental Resilience Scale, the mother-child Relationship Scale, and the Positive and Negative Emotion Scale were used as measuring tools to conduct a questionnaire survey on 331 primary school students and their mothers in Henan and Beijing, using convenient sampling methods. This paper investigates the present situation of mother's mindful parenting and primary school students' mental resilience, and discusses the influence of mother's mindful parenting on primary school students' mental resilience and the mediating effect of mother-child relationship and positive emotion between them. The results show that there is no difference in the level of mindful parenting of mothers in areas of residence, age of mothers, monthly income of families, gender of students, whether they are the only child or not, and grade, but there are significant differences in the educational background and occupation of mothers and whether students hold positions. The mental resilience level of primary school students has significant difference in grade, but has no difference in other demographic dimensions. Maternal mindful parenting is positively correlated with mental resilience, mother-child relationship and positive emotion. The relationship between mother and child, positive emotion and mental resilience were positively correlated. Maternal mindful parenting can significantly positively predict mental resilience, and mother-child relationship and positive emotion play a chain mediating role between maternal mindful parenting and mental resilience.
In Study 2, a progressive study was conducted on the basis of study 1."Mindful Parenting Scale", "Mental Resilience Scale" and "Problem Behavior Scale" were selected as measuring tools to investigate the problem behavior of primary school students, and to explore the influence of mother's mindful parenting on problem behavior of primary school students, the mediating role of mental resilience and the moderating role of grades. The results show that there is no difference in problem behavior score of primary school students in residence, mother's occupation and education background, whether they are the only child or not, but there are significant differences in gender, whether they hold a post, grade, Chinese scores and math scores. Among the problem behavior scores, academic problems were the highest, followed by emotional problems and disciplinary problems. There is a significant negative correlation between mother's mindful parenting and mental resilience and pupils' problem behavior. Mother's mindful parenting can significantly negatively predict the problem behavior of primary school students. Mental resilience plays an intermediary role between mother's mindful parenting and problem behavior, and grade can regulate mental resilience and problem behavior.
In Study 3, based on the previous two studies, the theoretical basis that mother's mindful parenting can improve the trait mindfulness level of primary school students and the current situation of highly sensitive children in the general primary school group, the Positive and negative Emotion Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale and highly Sensitive Children Scale were selected as measuring tools, and the method of case study was used to conduct mindfulness training intervention on a 4th grade highly sensitive primary school student. 30 minutes a day (including 15 minutes of mindfulness practice and 15 minutes of experience sharing) for 8 consecutive days. The scales were measured before and after the fourth and eighth days of mindfulness training. The results showed that the positive emotion level decreased by 12.12% in the pre-middle test and increased by 9.09% in the pre-middle test. The level of negative emotion decreased by 27.27% and 18.18% in pre-medium test and post-test, respectively. The level of mental resilience increased by 14.74% in the pre-middle test, but did not change in the post-middle test. The high sensitivity level decreased by 20.90% and 22.39% in pre-medium test and pre and post test, the easy irritation level decreased by 20% and 40% in pre-medium test and pre and post test, and the low sensory threshold level decreased by 37.50% and 29.17% in pre and post test, respectively.
Through the analysis and discussion of the research results, the following conclusions are drawn:
(1) Mothers' mindful parenting can not only directly and positively predict pupils' mental resilience, but also positively predict pupils' mental resilience through the mediating effect of mother-child relationship, the mediating effect of positive emotion, and the chain mediating effect between mother-child relationship and positive emotion.
(2) Mothers' mindful parenting can not only directly negatively predict pupils' problem behaviors, but also negatively predict pupils' problem behaviors through the mediating effect of pupils' mental resilience. Grades have a moderating effect.
(3) After short-term and short-term continuous mindfulness training, highly sensitive pupils can improve the positive emotion score and reduce the negative emotion score; Can improve the level of mental resilience; It can reduce high sensitivity, irritability and low sensory threshold. |
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