| 其他摘要 | As a vulnerable group in society, the physical and mental health of migrant children is closely related to social stability. Some studies have found that the physical and mental health problems of migrant children are rising in recent years, which we need to pay attention to. Currently, many evidences show that mindfulness intervention has a significant effect on improving the physical and mental health of adults. However, few studies apply this method on migrant school-age children. Proving the applicability of mindfulness practice for migrant children has realistic meaning for protecting their mental health.
This paper is based on exploring the emotional characteristics of migrant children, studying the intervention mechanism of mindfulness for children in school age, and verifying mindfulness practices to improve emotional problems of migrant children.
Study 1 in order to investigate the differences in emotion between migrant children and local children, 299 migrant children and 396 local children were investigated with the Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire, 7-tiem Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and Adolescent Emotional Resilience Scale, which were used to evaluate the mindfulness, anxiety, depression and emotional resilience of them. In addition, this study also identified mindfulness and emotional resilience as potential factors for improving the emotion of children with exploring the moderation effect of mindfulness level in emotional resilience and anxiety, as well as emotional resilience and depression. Through applying independent sample T test and regression analysis to compare the differences of each index, the results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in anxiety and depression. The level of anxiety and depression of migrant children were significantly higher than that of the local children. There was no significant difference in mindfulness and emotional resilience between the two groups. The results of correlation and moderation effect test showed that the level of mindfulness was significantly negatively correlated with anxiety and depression, significantly positively correlated with emotional resilience. The level of mindfulness has a significant moderation effect on emotional resilience and anxiety, as well as emotional resilience and depression. Mindfulness level has a protective effect on the emotional state of children with low emotional resilience.
Study 2 explores the role of a six-week mindfulness practice in improving the emotion conditions of migrant children. This research carried out a 2 (group) x2 (time) mindfulness intervention randomized controlled trials experiment on 92 students in the migrant children's school. The experimental group of students was led by volunteers to practice mindfulness twice a week for 20 minutes each time (in total six weeks); The control group was self-study led by school teachers. The children's version of the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Positive and Negative Emotion Scale, and Peace of Mind Questionnaire were used to measure the mindfulness level, positive and negative emotional ability, and inner peace level of the two groups before and after pracitce. The results showed that after a six-weeks mindfulness intervention experiment, compared with the control group, the mindfulness level and the level of inner peace of the students in the experimental group were significantly improved. Their negative emotions were significantly reduce. There was no significant difference in positive emotional between the two groups. Simple effect analysis showed that the scores of mindfulness level and inner peace level of the students in the experimental group were significantly improved. The negative emotion of the control group was significantly increased, and the level of inner peace was significantly decreased. These indicate that mindfulness practice can improve the level of mindfulness, promote inner peace, and reduce negative emotions in migrant children.
Based on the above results, draw a conclusion: the anxiety and depression levels of migrant children are higher than those of local children; The level of mindfulness in children is significantly negatively correlated with anxiety and depression scores, and significantly positively correlated with emotional resilience levels; Mindfulness has a protective effect on children with low emotional resilience, and through mindfulness practices; the emotional status of migrant children can be improved. |
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