| 其他摘要 | Actively dealing with aging has become a national strategy in China. According to the three important guidelines of "health, participation and security" proposed by the World Health Organization to actively deal with aging, our government and relevant departments have issued policies to encourage middle-aged and older adults to actively participate in social activities. Volunteer activities are an important way to achieve active aging and effective participation in society. Community voluntary activities are social activities that take the community as the main scope of activities and solve problems for groups or people in difficulty. Participation of middle-aged and older adults in community volunteer activities not only has positive significance for their p场sical health, mental health and psychosocial resources, but also contributes to national social governance and human resource development. Wi th active aging as the goal and community voluntary activities as the starting point, this study adopted three sub-studies and multiple data to verify the influence of community voluntary activities participation on well-being of middle-aged and older adults and its mediating mechanisms, as well as the moderating effect of family relation on the above mediating effects.
In study 1，a total of 16,010 people (aged 50 and above) from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were selected as participants. SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS 3.0 were used for data processing. The data analysis results showed that: after controlling for factors such as age, sex, education level, marital status and p场sical health, (1) community voluntary activities participation was positively correlated withe well-being; (2) community voluntary activities participation was significantly positively correlated with positive affect, but not with negative affect; (3) Both positive affect and negative affect played mediated the relations between community voluntary activities participation and well-being.
In study 2, there were 4,643 urban community residents aged 50 and above participating the online survey through WJX.cn. The data analysis showed that: (1) community voluntary activities participation and well-being were significantly positively correlated; (2) community voluntary activities participation is significantly positively correlated with positive affect and negative affect; (3) Positive affect and negative affect mediated the relationship between community voluntary activities participation and well-being; (4) family relation moderated the relationship between community voluntary activities participation and life satisfaction/ negative affect. Specifically, for middle-aged and older adults with worse family relation, more participation in community voluntary activities would improve their life satisfaction, but also increase their negative affect.
In study 3, we conducted three questionnaire surveys (each survey with a six-month interval) among 498 middle-aged and older adults aged 50 and above. The results of data analysis showed that: (1) there was a significant positive correlation between community voluntary activities participation and well-being; (2) community voluntary activities participation was significantly positively correlated with positive affect and negative affect; (3) Positive affect and negative affect mediated the relationship between community voluntary activities participation and well-being; (4) family relation moderated the relationship between community voluntary activities participation and negative affect. Specifically, active participation in community voluntary activities significantly increased negative affect of middle-aged and older adults with worse (versus better) family relation.
This study, through three sub-studies, multiply verified the direct effects, mediating mechanisms, and boundary conditions of community voluntary activities participation on the well-being of middle-aged and older adults, which enriched the connotation and explanatory scope of activity theory, social capital theory, and social exchange theory. The study revealed the importance of good family relationship. That is, a good family relationship not only boosts well-being, but also buffers the negative affect of community voluntary activities participation, contributing to dealing with stressful events in a positive manner. In addition, the results of this study provided implications to promote the participation in volunteering among middle-aged and older adults in China and offered insights for policy-making related to community governance and active aging. |
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