其他摘要 | During pandemic, compliance with epidemic protection norms is important for controlling the spread of disease, improving individual and group survival rates and maintaining social stability. Previous studies have revealed regional discrepancies in compliance, which appear to be associated with the level of social development. However, there is a dearth of systematic research and exploration of psychological mechanisms.
Evolutionary psychology has long emphasized the socio-ecological environment of human evolution, offering a theoretical framework for elucidating how the environment shapes individual psychology and behavior. Evolutionary psychology proposes that human psychological mechanisms and behavioral strategies have evolved as adaptations to the environment, and that our ancestors gradually developed a motivational system that guided their behavior towards the evolutionary goal of genetic perpetuation. The resource availability and the mortality risk in the socio-ecological environment impact the cost-benefit analysis of motives, which subsequently affects individual motive trade-offs and decisions regarding behavior. In the face of a severe existential crisis of an infectious disease epidemic, avoidance of pathogens and active maintenance of partner and kinship relationships to maximize the probability of genetic continuation are the main drivers of behavior. The low level of normative compliance towards epidemic prevention norms observed in highly developed social environments may be attributed to the reduced pathogenic threat resulting from the availability of medical and economic resources. This reduced threat, in turn, diminishes the adaptive gains of both types of motives, leading to behavioral biases.
Based on this, three studies were conducted to systematically investigate the relationship between social development and individual compliance with epidemic prevention norms, and the psychological mechanisms from an evolutionary perspective, through open data sets, big data, and large sample online surveys. Additionally, the stability of this psychological process will be confirmed through validation of the consistency of the effect in different levels of the social environment (national, provincial and prefectural). This study will use the Human Development Index (HDI), the most widely used and comprehensive social indicator, to measure the level of social development.
Study 1 collected cross-cultural datasets from two different sources (containing 53 and 71 countries, respectively) to explore the relationship between the social development at the country level and individual compliance with epidemic prevention norms. Results indicated that after controlling for individual gender and age, as well as COVID-19 severity, government response and individualism at the country level, there was still a significa Focusing on the same cultural and political context, Study 2 examines the relationship between social development and individual epidemic prevention normative compliance and its underlying evolutionary psychological mechanisms at the provincial level. This is achieved by analyzing the online behavioral data of Chinese Weibo users (22,588) using word frequency analysis and psychological modeling techniques. The results suggested that HDI at the provincial level has a significant negative relationship with compliance to epidemic prevention, even after controlling for culture, epidemic severity, government response, and demographic structure. The multilevel mediation model showed that the mediation effects of disease avoidance and familial motives were significant in this relationship.
Study 3 employed large sample online surveys to explore the role of social development level in shaping individual motives and normative compliance, while further differentiating the various dimensions of familial motives. A total of 1672 questionnaires were collected in the pre-survey, covering 11 cities, and it was preliminarily verified that HDI was negatively related to familial motives (includes mate retention, kin care (family), and kin care (child) motives); in addition, the results showed that disease avoidance and familial motives positively influenced compliance.
The formal survey expanded the sample to collect a total of 6122 data across 31 cities. The results indicated that city-level HDI still significantly negatively related to individual compliance after controlling for individual gender, age, and COVID一19 severity of the city. 2小1 multilevel mediation models were constructed, and the results revealed that disease avoidance, mate retention, kin care (family), and kin care (child) motives significantly mediated the relationship between city-level social development and compliance.
These studies systematically illustrate how social development influences individual compliance during pandemics, including the evolutionary psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship, at the national, provincial, and city levels.
These findings not only provide theoretical enrichment and expansion of the psychological processes through which social-ecological environments shape individual behavior, but also offer practical assistance in understanding normative compliance behavior during pandemics and behavioral changes in different social environments. Additionally, they provide a psychological basis for the formulation and implementation of epidemic prevention policies, which can better equip us to respond to possible future health crises.nt negative correlation between HDI and individual compliance. |
修改评论