Background: The incidence of suicide attempts and suicide mortality in patients with chronic schizophrenia is much higher than in the general population. Contemporary studies suggest that the lifetime suicide rate of people with schizophrenia is about 10%. There is considerable evidence that suicide is the biggest cause of reduced life expectancy in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, it is very important to identify the risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia patients to reduce the incidence of suicide in schizophrenia patients. Previous studies have shown that schizophrenics who have attempted suicide have higher cognitive function than those who have not. The main objective of this study was to examine the incidence of suicide attempts among hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia in China and to investigate the association of suicide attempts with clinical variables and cognitive function.Methods: A total of 988 among patients with chronic schizophrenia were enrolled in a cross-sectional experiment. We designed a detailed clinical questionnaire and collected general and clinical data.In the questionnaire, we designed special items to collect data on suicide attempts, as well as from case records and interviews with patients and their families.Symptoms were assessed by PANSS and cognitive function by RBANS.All patients were divided into those who had attempted suicide and those who had not, and differences in general data, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function were compared.The main statistical analysis methods used include chi-square test, T test, analysis of variance, logistic regression and multiple linear regression.Results: In this study, the incidence of suicide attempt in hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia was 22.1%, which was close to the incidence level of foreign studies. The study examined a younger average age of suicide attempts, younger age of first hospitalization, more severe positive symptoms, and less severe negative symptoms. The study found that the suicide attempt group had higher insomnia, body weight and BMI, and higher rates of alcohol consumption. Moreover, the study showed that people who had attempted suicide had better levels of cognitive function in terms of attention.Conclusions: Inpatients with chronic schizophrenia in China are at high risk of suicide attempt. Patients with chronic schizophrenia with long course of disease and mild positive symptoms have a higher risk of suicide attempt. People with chronic schizophrenia who suffer from insomnia, obesity and alcohol abuse are at higher risk of suicide attempts; Meanwhile, suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia are associated with attention aspects of cognitive function.
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