| 其他摘要 | Memory decline is very common in the elderly and is a high-risk group of mild cognitive impairment (MCI),however, at present, there is a general lack of routine screening for cognitive status of the elderly population with memory decline.There are few "cognitive impairment" outpatients in domestic hospitals, and there is a lack of research on the MCI status and cognitive status of elderly memory decline patients in the cognitive outpatients of Third class hospitals in China. Although there are many studies on the influencing factors of MCI, there are few studies on elderly population with memory decline, and the research results have not been unified. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the elderly, this paper investigates the current status of MCI in elderly outpatients with memory decline, and analyzes the influencing factors from the perspectives of demographic data, physiological factors, disease history, lifestyle and nutrition, so as to explore the prevalence, cognitive status, risk factors and protective factors of MCI in such elderly population, to provide reference basis for early effective prevention and intervention measures.This study is a cross-sectional study, using the questionnaire survey method, 706 elderly patients with memory decline were collected in the Geriatric Cognitive joint management clinic of Beijing PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021, the patients were assessed with MoCA(Montreal Cognitive Assessment)scale, according to the diagnostic criteria of 2018 Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dementia and cognitive impairment , the subjects were divided into non MCI group (316 cases) and MCI group (390 cases).After analysis, it was found that the incidence of non MCI and MCI were 44.8% (316 / 706) and 55.2% (390 / 706) respectively, there were significant differences in all areas of MOCA screening cognition between the two groups of elderly (P < 0.01),among them, the decline of delayed recall function language function, visual space and executive function decreased significantly. The demographic data, physiological factors, disease history, lifestyle and nutritional status of the two groups were collected by self-designed questionnaire, after univariate and binomial logistic stepwise regression analysis, it was found that age growth and sleep disorder were the risk factors of MCI; good reading habits, housework habits and social communication habits are the protective factors of MCI.The findings of this study show that the prevalence of MCI in elderly patients with memory decline is high, and all areas of cognition are lower than those in non-MCI patients, the decline of delayed recall function, language function, visual space and executive function is more obvious. The cognitive management clinic should carry out early screening of MCI in elderly memory decline patients, give early identification and cognitive function training. At the same time, the prevalence of MCI in elderly population with memory decline is affected by many factors, the cognitive management clinic should comprehensively evaluate these elderly population to help them establish a healthy lifestyle, so as to improve their cognition. |
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