| 其他摘要 | Psychological pain is a subjective, complex, introspective experience that comes from frustrated psychological needs and is characterized by the perception of negative changes in the self and its functions, accompanied by strong negative emotions.Psychological pain is often associated with a decline in mental health and is thought to be at the heart of the suicide process.During the COVID-19 outbreak, China adopted strict and effective isolation and epidemic prevention measures, which played a crucial role in containing the epidemic and protecting people's lives.At the same time, however, the physical and mental health of quarantined people is also of concern.Based on the tremendous social changes brought about by COVID-19, this paper focuses on the specific problems of psychological pain in isolation, combines qualitative and quantitative research, and applies in-depth interviews, scale evaluation, laboratory-induced aggressive behavior, implicit association test, cold pressure experiment, eye movement tracking technology and other means.The psychological pain and its influence on behavior and cognition of individuals in isolation situation were explored step by step.In study 1, participants who were quarantined(centralized isolation N = 18;home isolation N = 19)due to COVID-19 were interviewed in depth and analyzed based on grounded theory. The results confirmed widespread psychological pain among isolated persons.The causes of psychological pain include the influence of external environment and the frustration of internal psychological needs. Facing pain and avoiding pain are two main coping ways. The research constructs the generation and development model of individual psychological pain in isolation situation.The model focuses on psychological pain, attribution and coping style, showing the dynamic process of psychological pain in isolation, emphasizing that the choice of different coping style plays an important role in the development of psychological pain.In addition, segregation types and gender differences are also reflected in attribution and coping styles.Study 2 further examined the relationship between isolation experience and psychological pain, aggression, and physical pain indicators (pain threshold, tolerance).The psychache scale, 10-item tolerance for mental pain scale, Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire, laboratory-induced aggressive behavior test and implicit aggression test were used to measure isolated(centralized isolation N = 1;home isolation N = 21)and control subjects(N = 21) separately. The physical pain threshold and tolerance time were studied by cold pressure experiment.The results showed that there were significant differences in psychological pain and tolerance between the two groups.There was a significant positive correlation between psychological pain and tolerance of mental pain in the population. Multiple regression analysis found that individual aggression increased significantly with increased psychological pain, and those with higher tolerance to physical pain tended to exhibit higher levels of aggressive behavior.The purpose of study 3 was to examine the effect of isolation experience on attentional bias of situational information.Participants' current psychological and physical pain levels were assessed by the psychological and physical pain visual analog scale.In the experiment, the participants were randomly presented with a combination of four types of situation pictures (psychological pain, physical pain, positive social relationship and neutral) that had been screened in the early stage. The subjects(home isolation N = 18; control group N = 18) were required to observe freely, and were recorded and tracked by eye tracker. Repeated ANOVA showed that individuals experiencing isolation had attentional bias towards negative situations (psychological and physical pain), especially for psychological pain during the whole viewing time.After the removal of neutral stimuli, the participants showed a time-invariant attentional orientation to the psychologically painful situation during the prolonged viewing time.In general, from an empirical perspective, this paper explores the influence of two types of isolation situations on individual psychological structure: more common psychological pain experience, increased aggression, and significant attention bias to psychological pain situation information.The results can provide some reference for psychological intervention, clinical treatment and policy making.On the other hand, the study also confirmed that isolated individuals have a positive adaptation to psychological pain -- after experiencing isolation, their psychological pain tolerance is significantly improved, thus developing a new adaptive capacity. |
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