| 其他摘要 | Parental anxiety and its negative effects on children have become a topic of widespread concern. Emotional cognition theory points out that anxiety is caused by irrational beliefs, so it is necessary to measure the irrational belief in the process of parenting accurately, and explore the path of its influence on children, so that the proper intervention can be conducted to reduce the parents' anxiety and various problems that relating to it. Based on previous studies, this study developed a Parenting Irrational Belief Scale according to the specific parenting situation in China, and then used it as a tool to analyze the influence of irrational belief in parenting on children's internalizing problem(taking depression as an example) and externalizing problem, and further explored and clarified the possible mediating path and mechanism between the two.This study was divided into two parts: In study 1, the categories of parenting irrational belief were determined on the basis of interview and literature review, and the items were compiled combining the contents of similar scales, and the initial draft of the scale was formed through trial test; 307 parents of primary school students were selected as the initial test paticipants for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis and formed the final draft of the scale. 500 parents of primary school students were selected as the formal test paticipants for the confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability test, and the criterion validity was examined with 17-item Dysfunctional Attitude Scale Form A(DAS-A-17), shortened version of Survey of Personal Beliefs(Short SPB), Belief Scale(BS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale(GAD-7). Three weeks later, 150 of the 500 formal paticipants were randomly selected for retesting to verify the stability of the scale. In study 2, 310 families were selected as a sample. Using Parenting Irrational Belief Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale(GAD-7), Parents’ Control Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ) and Children’s Depression Inventory(CDI), the corresponding data of father, mother and child were collected and matched. According to the common parental emotion and parenting factors at present, the mediation model of the influences of parenting irrational belief on children's internalizing and externalizing problem was proposed, and the mechanism of the influence of parenting irrational belief on children's internalizing and externalizing problem was further explored and proved.The results of this study are as follows:(1)There were 27 items in the Parenting Irrational Belief Scale compiled in study 1, which were divided into five factors: Awfulling, Demandingness, Need for approval, Overgeneralization and Self-downing. The factor loading of items ranged from 0.51 to 0.81, and the five factors could explain 58.76% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the second-order 5-factor model fitted well. The total score of the scale and the scores of each factor were all significantly positively correlated with the scores of DAS-A-17, Short SPB, BS and GAD-7 (r= 0.24-0.72, ps < 0.001). The Cronbach coefficients were 0.93 for the total scale and 0.76-0.87 for the five factors. The test-retest reliability were 0.89 for the total scale and 0.75-0.88 for the five factors. (2) A significant positive correlation was found between parents’ parenting irrational belief and children's depression and externalizing problem, which means higher degree of parenting irrational belief related to higher level of children's internalizing and externalizing problem; There was a significant positive correlation between parenting irrational belief and parental anxiety, with higher degree of parenting irrational belief related to higher degree of parental anxiety. There was a significant positive correlation between parenting irrational belief and psychological control, namely, the higher the level of parenting irrational belief was, the higher the level of parental psychological control was. Parental anxiety was positively correlated with psychological control.(3) Anxiety played as the mediating role in the relationship between both fathers and mothers' parenting irrational belief and children's internalizing and externalizing problem.Psychological control also played a mediating role in the relationship between both fathers and mothers' parenting irrational belief and children's internalizing and externalizing problem. Anxiety and psychological control exerted the chain mediating effect in the relationship between father's parenting irrational belief and children's internalizing and externalizing problem. Conclusions: The structure of the Parenting Irrational Belief Scale developed in this study is consistent with the theory of irrational belief and has good reliability and validity; there was a significant positive correlation between the parenting irrational belief and the internalizing and externalizing problem of children; parental anxiety and psychological control played mediating roles in the relationship between parenting irrational belief and children's internalizing and externalizing problem. |
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