| 其他摘要 | AbstactVenous blood collection is a very important operation in the diagnosis of pediatric disease, especially for children with bronchial asthma. In order to avoid asthma attack, improve the success rate of disposable intravenous puncture and cause unnecessary conflicts between doctors and patients, this paper selected children with bronchial asthma as the research objects, and carried out an in-depth study on diversified intervention based on Roy adaptation mode and communication skills.This study consists of two sub-studies.Study 1: To explore the application and clinical significance of communication skills in venous blood collection of children with bronchial asthma. 100 children with bronchial asthma who underwent venous blood collection in outpatient department were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received venous blood collection with routine nursing, while the experimental group received intervention of communication skills on the basis of routine nursing. Blood collection (blood collection time, hemostatic compression time after puncture, success rate of disposable puncture), satisfaction of family members of children (technical professionalism, service attitude, communication skills) and pain during puncture were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the intervention of communication skills during venous blood collection improves the success rate of disposable puncture to a certain extent, prevents asthma attack, and psychologically reduces the pain of children and improves the satisfaction of their family members. However, there are too single intervention methods and some shortcomings. In order to effectively improve the success rate of disposable puncture to prevent asthma attack, reduce the negative emotions of family members, and make it easier for children to improve their compliance with venous blood collection in a more comfortable adaptive state, the study 2 was introduced.Study 2: To explore the effects of multiple interventions based on Roy adaptation mode on compliance of venous blood collection and negative emotions of family members of children with bronchial asthma. 108 children with bronchial asthma were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received routine nursing mode, while the experimental group received multiple nursing intervention based on Roy adaptation mode theory. The success rate of disposable intravenous puncture, the incidence of congestion, the compliance of venous blood collection, the time of venous blood collection, the number of people who did not cry during venous blood collection, the duration of painful face, and the number of people who cried for more than 5s at 20 s after blood collection of were compared between the two groups. The changes in FLACC score, Wong-Baker scale score, heart rate and systolic blood pressure (1min before blood collection,during blood collection, 1min after blood collection, 5min after blood collection) were studied，and the changes of negative emotion scores for family members of the two groups were compared when the children were before and after blood collection and Intermediary analysis of family satisfaction in venous blood collection compliance and venous blood collection time. By comparing and observing the above indicators, the results showed that the application of diversified intervention based on Roy adaptation mode can better improve the cooperation degree of venous blood collection and the success rate of disposable puncture. The improvement of the success rate of disposable puncture can more effectively prevent the attack of asthma and better alleviate the negative emotions of children and their family members.Study 2 enriched multiple intervention measures on the basis of study 1, and makes up for the deficiency of single intervention method in study 1. Diversified nursing intervention includes analysis on physiological and psychological models and adaptability in children, targeted health education, psychological intervention, environmental layout, targeted nursing, emergency treatment, adjustment of psychological stress degree in children, targeted health education for family members, popularization of medical knowledge and psychological intervention, etc. As a mature nursing theory, multi-intervention of communication skills and Roy adaptation mode has been widely used and recognized in clinical practice all over the world. A large number of theoretical and practical studies have been carried out in China, which provides a basis for the wide application of this nursing mode in venous blood collection of children. |
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