其他摘要 | In the context of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, how to promote college students' entrepreneurship to stimulate productivity growth and alleviate employment pressure has received widespread attention from society. While entrepreneurial education comes to mind that not all people who have received entrepreneurial education can become entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs as self-employed demand competencies and resources reflected by the individual factors that largely influence career choice preferences. Based on this, we focus on the Big Five perspective to examine what kind of college students are more likely to start a business. The variable-centered perspective emphasizes the role of trait and can be used to analyze the significance of the outcome. The person-centered perspective, on the other hand, treats people as a whole as well as a complete system, identifying which college students with a personality profile are more likely to be potential entrepreneurs. Based on this, this study explores the path of the entrepreneurial process among college students and the moderation effect of parental entrepreneurial exposure.
Study 1 used a questionnaire to collect demographic data, Big Five personality data, and entrepreneurial intention data from 2930 college students cross-sectionally. Multilevel linear regression and latent profile analysis (LPA) were used to examine the relationship between Big Five personality and entrepreneurial intention. The results at the variable level showed that extraversion and openness positively predict entrepreneurial intention, and agreeableness was slightly positive to predict entrepreneurial intention. However, conscientiousness and neuroticism did not influence entrepreneurial intention significantly. The results of the big five profile showed that college students in the resilient group (high conscientiousness, high agreeableness, high openness, high extraversion, and low neuroticism (or high emotional stability)) had higher entrepreneurial intentions.
Study 2 used a questionnaire to collect 559 valid data longitudinally, including demographic data, Big Five personality at T1,entrepreneurial intention at T2, parental entrepreneurial exposure and entrepreneurial activity at T3. The mediating role of entrepreneurial intention between Big Five personality and entrepreneurial activity and the moderating role of parental entrepreneurial experience was explored. Based on the two perspectives of the Big Five personality, Study 2 included two sub一studies. Study 2a examined the relationship between entrepreneurial intention at the factor level and indicated that entrepreneurial intention played a mediating role between partially Big Five factors and entrepreneurial activity, indicating that entrepreneurial intention plays a mediating role. Parental entrepreneurial exposure moderated the relationships between (i) openness and entrepreneurial intention; (ii) openness and entrepreneurial activity; (iii) extraversion and entrepreneurial intention;(iv) extraversion and entrepreneurial activity; and (v) conscientiousness and entrepreneurial activity. Study2b examined the relationship between entrepreneurial intention at the Big Five profile and entrepreneurial activity, with entrepreneurial intention playing a mediating role. parental entrepreneurial exposure moderated the relationship between (i) the Big Five profile and entrepreneurial intention, and (ii) the Big Five profile and entrepreneurial activity. In addition to this Study, LPA also found a resilient profile in the college student population and that college students with this personality profile had higher entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial activities.
Conclusion: This study examined the relationship between the Big Five personality and entrepreneurial process (including entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial activity) from variable-centered and person-centered perspectives. The critical role of openness and extraversion in the development of entrepreneurial intentions was emphasized at the variable level, and the potential Big Five personality type of entrepreneurs was identified at the profile level. The stability of these results was verified across methods. In addition, consistent results were found for both profile and variable perspectives, namely that parental entrepreneurial exposure moderated the path from Big Five personality to entrepreneurial activity among college students, and for individuals whose parents did not have entrepreneurial experience their relevant personality variables impacted entrepreneurial activity through entrepreneurial intention, whereas for individuals whose parents had entrepreneurial experience their relevant personality variables could act directly on the entrepreneurial activity. The study's results examined the development of entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of individual factors and provides a reference for the orientation of personality cultivation and an identification of the potential entrepreneurial profile in entrepreneurship education. |
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