金融工作者的抑郁症状的影响因素及其形成机制研究
其他题名Depressive Symptoms in the Workplace:Etiological Factors and Mechanisms
王筱璐
2008-05-31
摘要工作场所是员工亚健康问题的高发领域,而压力管理的难点在于,对于员工从工作倦怠发展成精神问题——工作场所中最普遍的精神问题是抑郁症状——这一过程的心理机制缺乏了解,这是因为这属于工业精神病理学与组织行为学的交叉领域,过去很少涉及。如果取得突破,对于组织行为学、特别是压力管理理论和工业精神病理学理论的发展均具有重要的价值。 本研究以探索工作场所中员工抑郁症状的影响因素及其形成机制为目标,通过文献分析、半结构化访谈和问卷调查等方法,系统考察了工作领域内和工作领域外的风险因素,主要涉及工作者-工作环境的匹配,工作家庭冲突,以及员工在抑郁症的个体心理易感性因素上的倾向性,以便获得解释员工抑郁症状不同水平的科学依据。本研究的结果及相应结论是: 第一、在文献调研的基础上,通过对20名金融市场各类经纪人的半结构化访谈质性研究,确立了此博士研究的必要性和可行性,并获得了员工抑郁症状的诱发因素的初步框架。 第二,通过在金融行业工作群体的两组样本(244名和1024名)中重复调查和验证员工抑郁症状的工作场所诱发因素,研究结果表明,工作者-工作环境匹配能较好的概括员工的抑郁症状的工作相关风险因素,即工作要求与能力的不匹配会导致工作倦怠从而诱发抑郁症状,工作努力与回报的不平衡对员工的抑郁症状也有直接的预测作用。情绪劳动特征会增强工作倦怠对抑郁症状的预测作用。 第三、1024名金融工作者的调查结果表明,结合考察工作领域外的风险因素,即工作-家庭冲突,员工在抑郁症的心理易感性因素上倾向性后发现,工作努力-回报不平衡、工作倦怠与工作侵扰家庭是员工抑郁症状的外界诱发因素,而神经质、自我成就导向、低情绪智力是员工抑郁症状的个体易感因素。而且神经质会增强工作倦怠和工作侵扰家庭对员工抑郁症状的预测作用,自我成就导向会增强工作倦怠对员工抑郁症状的预测作用,情绪智力会缓解工作努力-回报不平衡和工作倦怠对员工抑郁症状的预测作用。此外,员工的功能失调态度在以上因素对抑郁症状的预测效应中起部分中介作用。 第四、在同一调查样本中,研究也获得了员工抑郁症状对工作-生活质量的破坏的证据,即对员工的怠工和缺勤、离职意向有正向的预测作用,对生活幸福感有负向的预测作用。 第五、本研究为组织管理实践提出了员工抑郁症状的干预措施,这对于提高员工工作-生活质量、增强工作效率和和谐企业的建设等员工援助计划的实施提供了理论依据。
其他摘要Ill-health prevails in the workplace. A key problem encountered in the area of stress management is a lack of research into the way job burnout turns into mental problems, especially depressive symptoms, the most prevalent and costly psychiatric condition in the workplace. This research belongs to a cross-discipline area of industrial psychiatry and organizational behavior, which has seldom been investigated before. This research will contribute to the theoretical development of organizational behavior, especially to stress management and industrial psychiatry. This study aims to explore etiological factors and mechanisms of depressive symptoms of workers in the financial industry. By using literature review, semi-structured interviews and surveys as the major research methods, this Ph.D. study systematically investigated the risk factors of workers’ depressive symptoms within and outside of the work area. These risk factors are worker-work environment fits, work family conflicts, and workers’ psychological vulnerabilities to depression. A thorough literature review and 20 semi-structured interviews of brokers in different kinds of financial markets show the feasibility and necessity of this Ph.D. study when it comes to the issue of financial workers’ depressive symptoms. Two surveys of workplace-etiological factors of depressive symptoms were conducted among 244 financial workers and 1024 financial workers. This cross-sample verification showed that worker-work environment fit was a good framework to study risk factors of workers’ depressive symptoms. Results revealed that job demands-abilities misfit could lead to job burnout which in turn contributed to worker’s depressive symptoms; besides this, work effort-reward imbalance could directly cause workers’ depressive symptoms. Emotional labor enhanced the positive effect of job burnout on workers’ depressive symptoms. In the third study, a prominent risk factor outside of the work area, namely work family conflict, and workers’ psychological vulnerabilities of depression were included with workplace etiological factors to investigate the overall predictive model of depressive symptoms of financial workers. The survey was conducted among the same 1024 financial workers. Results indicated that work effort-reward imbalance, job burnout and work interfering in family life were three external etiological factors of workers’ depressive symptoms. Neuroticism, autonomy and low emotional intelligence were three individual etiological factors which had a positive effect on workers’ depressive symptoms. Moreover, neuroticism enhanced the relationship between job burnout and depressive symptoms as well as between work interfering in family life and depressive symptoms. Autonomy aggravated the relationship between job burnout and depressive symptoms. However, emotional intelligence attenuated the relationship between job burnout and depressive symptoms as well as between work effort-reward imbalance and depressive symptoms. Besides, workers’ dysfunctional attitudes played a partial mediating role in the relationships between above etiological factors and depressive symptoms. In the same sample, research evidence of impairments of workers’ depressive symptoms to their work-life quality was also obtained. Specifically, depressive symptoms could predict workers’ presenteeism, absenteeism and turnover intention. Their subjective well-being was also lowered when suffering more severe depressive symptoms. This research provides a theoretical basis to management practices targeted to set up the Employee Assistance Program or even more specilised rehabilitation programs for workers with depressive symptoms so as to improve their work-life quality and and establish a harmonious enterprise.
关键词抑郁症状 人-环境匹配 工作倦怠 工作家庭冲突 心理易感性 工作生活质量
学位类型博士
语种中文
学位授予单位中国科学院心理研究所
学位授予地点心理研究所
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/4624
专题中国科学院心理研究所回溯数据库(1956-2010)
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
王筱璐. 金融工作者的抑郁症状的影响因素及其形成机制研究[D]. 心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所,2008.
条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小 文献类型 版本类型 开放类型 使用许可
10001_20051801250301(35776KB) 开放获取--浏览 请求全文
个性服务
推荐该条目
保存到收藏夹
查看访问统计
导出为Endnote文件
谷歌学术
谷歌学术中相似的文章
[王筱璐]的文章
百度学术
百度学术中相似的文章
[王筱璐]的文章
必应学术
必应学术中相似的文章
[王筱璐]的文章
相关权益政策
暂无数据
收藏/分享
文件名: 10001_200518012503011王筱璐_paper.pdf
格式: Adobe PDF
所有评论 (0)
暂无评论
 

除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。