| 其他摘要 | In traditional Chinese family education, fathers often hold a subordinate position. However, with the changes in social culture and family structure, the role of fathers is becoming more prominent, and there is a growing demand for fathers to return to the family. Research has shown that father involvement has an irreplaceable role in the physical and mental development of children and adolescents. However, the level of father involvement in present-day China remains limited. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to thoroughly explore the influencing factors and mechanisms of father involvement in adolescent families, as well as the configural effects of these factors, in order to scientifically improve the overall level of father involvement in our country.
Study 1 examined parents of adolescents as the research subjects. A matched questionnaire survey method was used to measure 411 sets of parents of adolescents aged 10-18. A moderated mediation model was constructed to explore how parents' marital satisfaction, maternal gatekeeping behavior, and fathers' parenting value affected father involvement, as well as the direction and strength of this influence. Study 2 focused on adolescent families as the research subjects. A three-party matched questionnaire survey method was used to measure 91 sets of three parties within families with adolescents aged 10-17. Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis was conducted to explore the configural effects of parents' marital satisfaction, maternal gatekeeping behavior, and fathers' parenting value on father involvement. Descriptive analysis, common-method bias testing, and other analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0. Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted using Mplus 8.3 to test mediation and moderation effects. Configural effects analysis was conducted using fsQCA 3.0.
The results of Study 1 showed that: (1) There were significant differences in the level of father involvement among adolescents of different grades, with the highest level in the second year of high school and the lowest in the preparatory class. There were also significant differences in father involvement among fathers with different working hours, with the highest level in those working 0-20 hours per week and the lowest in those working 60 hours or more. There were significant differences in father involvement among mothers with different educational backgrounds, with the highest level in those with a graduate degree or above and the lowest level in those with a junior high school education or below. (2) The marital satisfaction of parents significantly and positively predicted father involvement and maternal gate-opening behavior, while it negatively predicted maternal gate-closing behavior. Maternal gate-opening behavior and father’s parenting value significantly and positively predicted father involvement, while maternal gate-closing behavior significantly and negatively predicted father involvement. (3) There was a spillover effect between mother’s marital satisfaction and maternal gatekeeping behavior, and a crossover effect between father’s marital satisfaction and maternal gatekeeping behavior. (4) Maternal gatekeeping behavior mediated the relationship between marital satisfaction and father involvement. (5) Father’s parenting value positively moderated the impact of maternal gatekeeping behavior on father involvement. In other words, for fathers with high levels of parenting values, maternal gate-opening behavior had a stronger positive predictive effect on father involvement, while for fathers with low levels of parenting values, maternal gate-closing behavior had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on father involvement. (6) Father’s parenting value positively moderated the mediating effect of maternal gatekeeping behavior on the relationship between marital satisfaction and father involvement.
The results of Study 2 showed that there was one configuration (A1) that led to high level of father involvement and four configurations that led to low levels of father involvements. Configuration A1 indicated that when both fathers and mothers had high marital satisfaction, fathers had high parenting value, and mothers exhibited more gate-opening behavior, regardless of the maternal gate-closing behavior, fathers would demonstrate high levels of parenting involvement. This result suggested that in order to enhance father involvement, it was necessary not only to improve the marital satisfaction of both parents, but also to encourage mothers to exhibit more gate-opening behavior in parental education and enhance fathers' recognition of their own parenting values.
In conclusion: Father's marital satisfaction influences his own parenting involvement through the fully mediating effect of maternal gatekeeping behavior. Mother's marital satisfaction influences father involvement through the partially mediating effect of maternal gatekeeping behavior, with its direct effect still significant. Father's parenting value positively moderates the influence of maternal gatekeeping behavior on father involvement. Father's parenting value positively moderates the mediating effect of maternal gatekeeping behavior between parent’s marital satisfaction and father involvement. One configuration of high levels of parent’s marital satisfaction, maternal gate-opening behavior and father's parenting value can result in high levels of father involvement. |
修改评论